多主体建模工具Netlogo的介绍.pptVIP

“Party Model” A big party with 10 rooms Boys and girls distribute in different rooms Boy (girl) feels uncomfortable if there are too many girls(boys) They move to other rooms What distribution will form? Segregation and Pattern Formation Two types of people living in a city Each person can Move around within a given range Settle down if the number of same type neighbors is big enough Otherwise, keep moving Pattern formation Thomas C. Schelling In 1960, he found the phenomenon of segregation of black and white. One day in flight, a simple game with coins came up his mind He invented this segregation model He won Nobel’s prize in 2005 A Toy Model of Urban Road Network Growth The traffic flow is determined by the road network The network is shaped by flows in a long time Growth of urban road networks ? Co-evolution of road network and traffic flow Implementation in Netlogo Given a green landscape with N*N cells W: Number of cars ever visiting this cell Cars travel around in this landscape, a car will repeat the cell with bigger W mostly explore new cells with a small probability The roads that never been repeated are deleted every 100 time steps 更多的Netlogo特征 3D视图 Java Applet HubNet 更多资源 NetLogo 中文手册 A Chinese version /bbs/ Model library 习惯NetLogo 谢谢！ 知识回顾Knowledge Review 多主体建模工具Netlogo介绍 张江 北京师范大学管理学院系统科学系 北师大复杂系统暑期学校2010 多主体模拟 计算机模拟v.s.数学分析 多主体模拟v.s.计算机模拟 多主体模拟的特性： 每个主体都是一个独立的对象； 主体运行于一个虚拟的宇宙 主体之间可以通过相互作用产生涌现 二个实例 Game of Life 生命游戏 1970年，John Conway提出了一个有趣的计算机程序：生命游戏 这是一个方格世界，每个方格仅仅有黑、白两种颜色 生命游戏的规则 想象一个外星空间存活者很多方格生命，如果一个方格是黑色的，那么这里就有一个生命，如果是白色的就没有 每个方格周围都有8个邻居 诞生规则 如果某时刻，一个空方格（白色）周围邻居中有三个活的生命（黑色方格），那么该方格就会诞生一个新生生命（白色?黑色） 死亡规则 在某时刻，对于已经占领某方格的生命体（黑色）只有当它的邻居中有2个或者3个是活的（黑色），它才会继续存活，否则不是因为过分拥挤就是因为过分孤独而死亡（黑色?白色） Boid模型 每只鸟的邻域 A bird’s Neighborhood 规则1——靠近 Cohesion: steer to move toward theaverage position of neighbors 规则2——对齐 Alignment: steer towards the average heading of neighbors 规则3——避免碰撞 Separation: steer to avoid crowding neighbors Swarm Repast Proce