高考_重点词汇辨析.doc

. . . . 学习参考 专升本常见词汇辨析总结 常见动词辨析： 1. 击，打：hit, beat, defeat, strike 单词 含义 例句 hit 打中或对准某一点打(一次击打) hit sb. on the head beat 连续的敲击 The raining is beating against the widow. defeat 打败某人或集体 (强调结果) We defeated the enemy. strike 用木棒石头等打；打动（抽象意义） I was struck by her beauty. 2. 穿：dress, put on, wear, have on 单词 含义 例句 dress dress sb.+in； be dressed in She was dressed in red. put on 穿上，强调动作 Put on your coat when you go out. wear 穿着，带着，强调状态 佩戴首饰、眼镜等 He seldom wears a watch. have on 强调状态，一般不用现在分词和被动语态 He always has dark glasses on. 3. 适合：suit, match, fit 单词 含义 例句 suit 花色、款式适合，或与气质、身材等相称 This dress doesnt suit me. Have you got another style? match 搭配合适，性质相符 The color of the shirt doesn’t match that of the tie. fit fit尺寸、大小、形状合适 The key doesn’t fit the lock. 4. 花费：take, spend, cost, pay 单词 含义 例句 take It takes sb.+time+to do sth. 做某事需要…时间 It took me 15 minutes to finish this job. spend Sb.spend(s) +time/money+(in) doing sth. I spent 15 minutes doing this work. cost sth. cost(s) +sb.+money 某物花费了某人…钱 This book cost me 8 dollars. pay pay sb. pay(s) +money+forsth. I paid 8 dollars for this book. 5. 参加: attend, join, join in, take part in, enter for 单词 含义 例句 attend 参加婚礼、会议、上课、听报告等 attend a meeting join =become a member of加入某个团体或组织 join the students’ union join in 参加某项活动 join in the discussion take part in take part in 参加群众性活动，强调在该项活动中发挥了一定作用 take part insocial activities enter for 报名参加某项比赛或考试 enter for the race 6. 毁坏：damage/destroy/ruin 单词 含义 例句 damage 价值、用途降低或外表损坏 My house was damaged in the heavy rain. destroy 彻底毁坏，很难修复 The big fire destroyed the little town. ruin 逐渐毁掉，常含比喻的隐含意义 My breakfast was ruined by what you said. 7. 发现：find, find out, discover, invent 单词 含义 例句 find 侧重发现的结果 He finally found his key. find out 经过研究或询问查明某事或真相 I will find out what happened. discover 偶然或经过努力发现原来存在但不为人所 知的事物 The scientists can discover more secrets of the universe. invent 运用智慧发明新事物 Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.