《光接枝聚酯纤维吸湿性的研究》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 4 武汉科技学院 毕业设计（论文） 题目：光接枝聚酯纤维吸湿性的研究 院 系：环境与化学工程系 专 业：环境工程 学 生： 学 号： 指导老师： 摘 要 涤纶织物有许多优异的特性，其制品深得消费者喜爱。但其吸湿性差，并导致透气性差、易产生静电、易玷污和染色困难等问题。因此其低吸湿性很大的限制了涤纶的生产、染整加工和使用。 本论文研究了涤纶与丙稀酸光化学引发接枝共聚的改性方法。探讨了溶胀剂浓度、溶胀时间与温度、二苯甲酮浸泡时间与浓度、辐照时间、单体浓度等因素对接枝率和回潮率的影响。实验结果表明：当间甲酚的浓度为40%、溶胀时间为2h、溶胀温度为60℃、BP丙酮溶液浸泡时间为1h、BP丙酮溶液的浓度为0.2mol/L、光照时间为2h、丙稀酸浓度为0.58mol/L时，聚酯纤维的接枝率和回潮率较高且回潮率随着接枝率的增大而增加。改性后织物吸湿性明显改善，回潮率由原来的0.4%提高到3.04%。。最后，用红外光谱证明了聚丙烯酸接枝链的存在。 关键词：聚酯纤维；接枝共聚；光化学引发；回潮率；接枝率 ABSTRACT The polyester has many outstanding properties. So many consumers favor polyester. But polyester is a kind of hydrophobic fiber. Such characteristics cause polyester low hydrophilic property, low air-conductivity, easy to get static and hard to dye. The graft copolymerization of acrylic acid on to polyester fiber was studied by photochemical initiation in this paper. The copolymerization reaction is greatly influenced by the concentration of sweller, the time and temperature of swell, the time and concentration of soak of BP, the irradiation time, the monomer concentration. The results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows: the concentration of sweller 40%, the sweller concentration 40%, the swell time 2h, the swell temperature 60℃, the soak time 1h, the soak concentration 0.2mol/L, the irradiation time 2h, the monomer 0.58mol/L. At the same time, The moisture regain of modified fabric will be raised along with grafting rate increase. The modified fabric’s hydrophilicity was improved greatly. The moisture regain was raised from 0.4% to 3.04%.The grafting fiber was also characterized by IR. Key words: polyester fiber; graft copolymerization; photochemical initiation; moisture regain; grafting rate 目 录 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u 1 前言 1 1.1 研究涤纶吸湿性的意义 1 1.2 提高涤纶吸湿性的方法 1 2 原理部分 6 2.1 纤维亲水性的定义 6 2.2 影响纤维亲水性的因素 6 2.3 表面光接枝机理和实施方法 7 2.4 影响表面光接枝的因素 9 3实验部分 11 3.1 原材料 11 3.2 仪器和设备 11 3.3 实验工艺 12 3.4 表征方法 13 3.5 红外光谱测试 14 4 结果与讨论 14