制药工程 专业英语 Unit 5.pptVIP

两种类型的安全测试是用来检测候选药物在人体产生肿瘤的能力。第一类是短期的体外遗传毒性试验，例如细菌试验。第二类是是在小鼠和大鼠身上进行的动物长期致癌性研究；他们往往二年的时间长度覆盖了动物寿命的很大一部分。小鼠和大鼠的使用，因为他们的寿命相对较短，体积小，容易获得。此外，有关这些物种的特定种族的自发疾病及肿瘤所积累的知识，大大有助于解释研究结果。 Two types of safety test are used to detect the ability of the drug candidate to produce tumours in man. The first are short-term in vitro genotoxicity tests, for example bacterial tests. The second are long-term animal carcinogenicity studies which are conducted in mice and rats; their length of often 2 years covers a large part of the lifespan of the animal. Mice and rats are used because of their relatively sho