中国古代体育运动-蹴鞠.ppt

11/26/12 中国古代体育运动——蹴鞠 * Cuju meaning “kick ball,” is a type of ancient Chinese football. Cuju was already called “football” during the Song Dynasty(960-1279),as evidenced in Collection of XikunSongs(Xikun chouchang ji西昆酬唱集), a book by Yang Yi(杨亿) (974-1020), which contains the following line： “Cuju uses the feet to kick the ball, hence called football today. ” Cuju Flew Higher than Birds * Ancient Chinese Painting about Cuju Longevity and One Hundred Children 长春百子图 宋 苏汉成 * One child is lifting his foot to kick a ball * A Scene of Cuju宋太祖蹴鞠图 苏汉臣（原作者）钱选（元 临摹者） * The Development of Cuju Liu Xiang(刘向) of Han Dynasty recorded in his Bielu（别录）: “Cuju is said to have been invented by the Yellow Emperor, or during the Warring States Period. It was originally a methord to train soldiers, and through cuju , solders of talent can be found. For enjoyment, solders like to play it when they free from duty.” Cuju is said to have first appeared in the ancient era of the Yellow Emperor. * It might not be true that cuju was first developed in the time of the Yellow Emperor, but historical documents record clearly that this was quite popular in the State of Qi during the Warring State Period. * This sport was originally popular in the army, as a type of activity involving both conflict and entertainment. The military thus discovered soldier with ability while they exercise their bodies through the sport, which also would have slightly relieved the boredom and loneliness of barrack life. * In the Han Dynasty, the sport of cuju became very popular. The court field for cuju as a rectangle, while the ball is round, which accorded with the Chinese idea of “ the sky is round and the land is square.” A closed space within high walls, the court filed had stands specially built for distinguished spectators” * 《盐铁论》:汉代富人生活的一面镜子 西汉 恒宽 “Noble families engage in cuju and cockfighting.” * 汉代军中足球，球门多达12个 最有意思的是球门，两边竟然各有6个，即“二六相当”一说。当然，此球门与现代球门不同，