英汉句子的比较和翻译.pptVIP

中国远洋运输公司成立于1961年4月，至今已有28年的历史。28年来，在国家的大力支持下，经过不懈的努力，公司业务和船舶数量迅速发展和增长。 Established in April 1961, the China Ocean Shipping Corporation, with 28 years’ history, has expanded its shipping business and increased its number of ships with its arduous efforts and the support from the state in those years. 英汉语言语态上的差异 英语：广泛使用被动语态 汉语：较少使用被动语态 英语被动语态使用的情况： 1 不知道或是没有必要说明行为的实行者 The audience are requested to keep silent. 请观众保持肃静。 She was offered a job in a middle school. 人家给她一个中学里的位置。 2 动作的对象是谈话的中心话题 Clinton is expected to give his testimony by videotape. 克林顿将会以录像的形式提供证词。 The scientific research plan has already been drawn up. 科研计划已经拟出来了。 The girl was criticized yesterday. 这个女孩昨天挨了一顿批评。 3 无从说出动作的实行者是谁 She was seen to go out of the room. 有人看见她走出了那个房间。 You’re wanted on the phone. 你的电话。 This rubbish is being disposed of. （有人）正在处理这些垃圾。 4 为了加强上下文的连贯、衔接 John actually loved Mary and was loved in return. 约翰真的爱玛丽，而玛丽也爱约翰。 He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 他出现在台上，观众热烈鼓掌欢迎。 Language is shaped by, and shapes, human thought. 人的思想形成语言，而语言又影响了人的思想。 5 出于礼貌，使措辞得当，语气委婉 Visitors are requested to show their tickets. 来宾请出示入场券。 Passengers are requested to fill in the customs declaration form here. 请旅客在此填写报关表。 汉语的被动态 1 有形式标记的被动态 2 无形式标记的被动态 1 表被动意义的助词 让,叫,给,被,受,挨,遭,由,加以,予以,为……所,被……所,是…..的 例句: 工作已由他完成了。 The work has been done by him. 杯子给打得粉碎。 The cup has been broken into pieces. 这个问题必须予以处理。 This matter must be dealt with. 2 无被动助词 看似主动，但在主谓关系上却有被动含义，这种语言现象在汉语中大量存在。 例句： 那里讲什么语言？ What language is spoken there? 这个任务必须按时完成。 This task must be fulfilled in time. 汉语无主句 用来表达观点、态度、要求、告诫、号召等 例句： 应该教育儿童讲老实话。 Children should be taught to speak the truth. 发现了错误，一定要改正。 Wrongs must be righted when they are discovered. Converting the passive voice into the active The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated. By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the organization. A new way of displaying time has been given by electronic