纤维素酶高产菌株的筛选及其降解秸秆的研究.docxVIP

纤维素酶高产菌株的筛选及其降解秸秆的研究 纤维素酶高产菌株的筛选及其降解秸秆的研究 摘要为筛选出高产纤维素酶菌株，采用刚果红培养基对从自 然界中取回的样品进行显色试验，筛选出酶活较高的菌株1号菌和2 号菌，并对这2种菌株进行固体发酵试验。结果表明：1号菌和2号 菌纤维素酶活第3天显著高于对照组(P0. 05),最高酶活分别为 278.35、274. 39 IU/g, 1号和2号菌对秸秆中纤维素和半纤维素的 最高降解率分别为16.18%、52.45%和14.89%、45.31%,对秸秆中的 木质索没有降解作用。 关键词纤维素酶；筛选；固体发酵；酶活；秸秆 中图分类号X172文献标识码A文章编号1007-5739 (2013) 20-0203-02 Screening of Fungi Producing Cellulase and Its Degradation on Straw ZHANG Yan-ting 1 MA Yi 2 (lAnimal Disease Prevention and Control Center in Xihua County of Henan Pro vin ce, Xihua Henan 466600； 2 Zhengzhou Ma ike Feed Co. , Ltd?) Abstract The strains which could produce high activity cellulase had been chosed, so the straws could be degraded into things that were good for the environment. Then the strains could be used in our lives?Method： Because of the proportion to the diameter of transparent ring and the diameter of the strain, we chose the strains NO. 1 and NO. 2. Solid fermentation method was used to culture the two strains, then we detected the enzyme activity.It was true that the enzyme activities of the two strains were all very high? Results： The two strains were cultured for 3 days, in this condition, the highest enzyme activity of the strains were 278.35 IU/g and 274.39 IU/g, respectively (P0. 05)? The highest degradation rate of No. 1 and No.2 on cellulose and hemicellulose were 16.18%, 52.45% and 14. 89%, 45. 31%, respectively.There wasnz t degradation of No. 1 and No. 2 on lignirio Key words cellulase； screening； solid fermentation； enzyme activity； straw 纤维素是自然界分布较广、來源丰富的一种可再生资源。我国纤 维素类资源非常丰富，作为农业大国每年产的农作物秸秆有5. 7亿 t[l]o农作物秸秆中粗纤维含量高达40%冷右，但由于粗纤维中的纤 维素、半纤维素和木质素紧密结合，很难被有效利用，大多数农作物 秸秆都被焚烧处理，既浪费了资源，乂造成一系列环境问题[2]。 纤维素酶在分解纤维素时起主要的牛:物催化作用，纤维素酶广泛 存在于口然界的生物体中。细菌和真菌都能产生纤维素酶，真菌产生 的纤维素酶属于胞外酶，大多数用于生产的纤维素酶来自于真菌，比 较典型的有木酶属(Trichoderma)曲霉属(Aspergillus)和青霉 属(Penicillium) [3]。从口然界当中筛选高活力适应性强的纤维素 酶产生菌，对于纤维素资源的合理利用具有十分重要的意义。该试验 通过从腐烂的木头中筛选出适应性较强的纤维素酶产生菌，并对筛选 菌进行固体发酵培养，研究其产酶特性及对秸秆中纤维成分的影响, 以为纤维素资源的有效利用以及环境改善提供理论依据。 1材料与方法 1试验材料 1.1.1样品。从落叶聚集处收集到的腐