句子成分学习.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 第一课时　句子成分 授课老师：黄会 一、主语、谓语 考 一 考 指出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分 1．①The_teachers ②are_having a meeting. 2．At five oclock, ①they ②left. ①Put_up your hand if you ②have any questions. 4．①Drinking ②does harm to your health. 5．①Who ②told you the truth? 6．①The_earthquake ②struck Nepal. 7．①The_rich ②should_help the poor. This weekend, ①some of us ②are_going_to_have a picnic with the teachers. 学 一 学 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据各个部分在句子中所起的作用分别称为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。只要含有主语和谓语的语言片段就构成句子，这是英语的一大特点。 1．主语(Subject)：主语是句子的主体部分，是说明的对象，是动作的执行者或发出者。主语通常由名词、代词以及动词ing形式等充当。 The students are listening to me carefully. They want to learn English well. But learning English well isnt as hard as you think. 同学们在认真听我讲课。他们想学好英语，但是，学好英语不像你想的那么难。 2．谓语(Predicate)：谓语用来说明主语的状态或行为动作。由于谓语部分在英语中的形式多种多样，不同于汉语中的谓语，要准确无误地灵活运用英语，就必须攻克谓语关。 (1)简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He runs every morning. 他每天早上跑步。 (2)复合谓语： ①由情态动词、be动词或其他助动词加动词原形或动词的其他形式构成。 You may keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可借两周。 The students are playing basketball. 学生们在打篮球。 ②由系动词加表语构成。 We are students. 我们是学生。 练 一 练 指出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分 ①He ②has_become more and more interested in English. ①The_living ②should_go_on_with his work. ①The_child ②has_been_brought_up by his grandmother. 4．①To_see ②is_to_believe. 5．①It ②is_necessary ③to_help_him_out. 6．①Four_plus_Five ②is_nine. 7．①He ②can_swim very well. ①Playing_football in the street ②is_dangerous. 二、宾语、表语 考 一 考 指出下列句子中画线部分的句子成分 1．They visited an_exhibition yesterday. The heavy rain prevented ①me from ②arriving_at_school_on_time. How many ①dictionaries do you have? I have ②five. 4．I like listening_to_popular_music. 5．She looks unhappy today. 6．His job is to_teach_English. 7．Time is ①up. The class is ②over. 8．He remained in_poor_health all those years. 学 一 学 1.宾语(Object)：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词(短语)和介词后面。 He is going to