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3 Husserl 3 Edmund Husserl Edmund Husserl was the principal founder of phenomenology, and thus one of the most influential philosophers th of the 20 century. He has made important contributions to almost all areas of philosophy and anticipated central ideas of its neighbouring disciplines such as linguistics, sociology and cognitive psychology. 3.1. Life and work th Husserl was born in Prossnitz (Mo ravia 摩拉维亚 ) on April 8 , 1859. In the years 1876 –78 Husserl studied astr onomy in Leipzig 莱比锡 , where he also attended courses of lectures in mathematics, physics and philosophy. Among other things, he heard Wilhelm Wundts 冯特 lectures on philosophy. (Wundt was the o ri ginator of the first institute for experimental psychology.) In 1878 –81 Husserl continued his studies in mathematics, physics and philosophy in Berlin. However, he took his PhD in mathematics in Vienna, with a thesis on the theory of variations 变量 (Jan. 1883). After a brief military service in Vienna, Husserl studied with Brentano from 1884 –86. Brentanos lectures on psychology and logic had a lasting impact on Husserl. Brentano then recommended Husserl to his pupil Carl Stumpf in Halle. This recommendation enabled Husserl to prepare and submit his habilitation ([ 德] ，大学授课资格 ) dissertation On the Concept of Number (1887). That thesis was later i ntegrated into Husserls first published monograph 专著 , Philosophy of A rithmetic , which appeared in 1891. In this work, Husserl combined his mathematical, psychological and philosophical competencies 能 力 to attempt a