人类工程学-(公开课件).pptVIP

Ergonomics ERGONOMICS人类工程学 From the Greek words “ergon” meaning work and “nomos” meaning knowledge. 来自于希腊语“ergon” ,意思是工作, “nomos” 意思是知识 Ergonomics:人类工程学Musculoskeletal injuries prevention预防肌肉和骨骼的损伤 Principle of making the workplace and job tasks fit the people使工作场所和工作任何适宜于人体 Poor ergonomics has been linked to fatigue, repetitive motion injuries, monotonous work, stress, back, shoulders, arm, hand and eye strains.不良的人类工程学导致疲劳,重复运动损伤,单调工作,压力,背部/肩部/胳膊/手/眼损伤 Staff members establishing the work environment must have a basic understanding of ergonomics.建立工作环境的人员应有人类工程学基本知识 Ergonomics must be considered when:何时须考虑人类工程学 Purchasing equipment采购设备 Designing experiments实验设计 Designing workstations工作台设计 Key elements of good ergonomic design:良好人类工程学设计关键因素 Shared equipment should be readily adaptable to different operators and different tasks共享设备适应于不同的操作者和任务 The high of work surfaces and lab. benches should allow for elbows to bend at right angles with arms parallel to the floor工作台表面和实验台的高度应使肘部弯曲成直角与地平平行 Footrests may be need to be provided to ensure legs are supported可能需要踏脚提供腿部支撑 Key elements of good ergonomic design:良好人类工程学设计关键因素 Lab. work areas should be designed to avoid excessive bending, reaching, stretching, twisting motions or awkward postures实验室工作场所设计应避免过度弯脚,拉伸,伸展,扭曲运作或难受的姿势 Chair and lab stool design should be adjustable, chairs should have a stable base, arms of chair shall be adjustable in height and weight椅子和凳子的设计应可调节.椅子应有稳定的基座,椅子扶手可按高度和重量调节 Task lighting should be used to provide for sufficient illumination and eliminate shadows工作用灯光应提供充分的照明,消除阴影 Key elements of good ergonomic design:良好人类工程学设计关键因素 Repetitive physical work could be rotated between employees重复的体力工作应在员工中轮流承担 Adequate air quality, temperature, humidity and supply should be distributed to all work areas为所有工作场所提供充分的空气质量,温度,湿度和供应 Proper lifting techniques should be used使用适当的起重技术 Ergonomic in the lab.实验室中的人类工程学 Computer workstation计算机工作台 Administrative tasks (use of telephones,staplers, letter openers,