thetheatreoftheabsurd荒诞戏剧的介绍ppt1.pptxVIP

Theatre of the AbsurdHuang Lihua Ph. D. associate professorMain Contents of This Lecture1. Definition of Theatre of the Absurd2. Historical Philosophical Background3. Differences between an absurdist play and the well made play4. The Most Important Precursors 5. Theatre of the Absurd in China6. Summary Questions for your considerations1. What is called “absurd” and “Theatre of the Absurd”?2. What are differences between an absurdist play and the well made play?3. What are motifs themes in Theatre of the Absurd?4. How many important precursors of Theatre of the Absurd have you known?Ⅰ.Definition The word “Absurd” was first suggested by Albert Camus (阿尔伯特·加缪， 1913- 1960) in 1942 in The Myth of Sisphyus (《西西弗的神话》 ), in which Camus tries to diagnose the human situation in the world of shattered belief, as he said: “A world that can be explained by reasoning, however faulty, is a familiar world. But in a universe that is suddenly deprived of illusions and of light people feel strangers. They are irremediable exiles because they are deprived of memories of a lost homeland as much as they lack the hope of a promised land to come.This divorce between people and their lives, the actor and his setting, truly constitues the feeling of absurdity.” According to Eugene Ionesco (欧仁·尤奈斯库，1909- 1994)，who was born in Romania but lived in Paris, “Absurd is that which is devoid of purpose…Cut off from his religious, metaphysical transcendental roots, man is lost, all his actions become senseless, absurd, useless. ” The Theatre of the Absurd is a term applied to a group of dramatists who were active in the 1950’s. The name was probably coined by Martin Esslin in his book The Theatre of the Absurd (1961). The philosophical basis of the absurdist theatre is existentialism that denies the meaning of human existence and maintains that there is no communication at all between person and person. The world seems ruthless and incomprehensible. Human beings have lost confidence c