动词不定式(五).pptVIP

动词不定式 一．构成与特征 “to +动词原形”，在句中起名词，形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留有动词的特征，可以带宾语和状语等等。 二． 功能： 1． 做主语 To hesitate means failure. To know oneself is difficult. To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe. To talk to her is to talk to a wall. To know everything is to know nothing. To teach is to learn. 2． 做表语 The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. One is to struggle for one’s living. To become a slave is to give up one’s freedom. The house is to let. Little remains to do. 3． 做宾语 She longed to go back to her hometown. He refused to be photographed. I can’t bear to look back. 4． 做宾语补足语 I wrote him to come at once. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. I don’t want there to be another mistake. I like there to be a park here. All depends upon her not to lose heart. 比较： 有些词后不能接动词不定式做宾语补足语。 He hoped his sister to lend him a hand. He hoped that his sister would lend him a hand. He demanded me to give up the chance. He demanded that I give up the chance. I suggested him not to go there alone. I suggested that he not go there alone. 5． 做定语 He wants water to drink. He is a pleasant fellow to work with. She has a room to live in. She can find no one to make friends with. She offered me a cup of coffee to refresh my spirit with. 不定式可以修饰there be 结构中做主语的名词 There is nothing to worry about. There is a good rule to go by. There is enough money to spare. There is not a moment to lose. 6．不定式常用于 “have + the +抽象名词” 结构中 He has the goodness to do it. She has the kindness to help you He has the impudence to slander her. I didn’t have the heart to tell you the bad news. She has the face to speak ill of Lucy. 7．so as to / so … as to so as to 引导目的状语从句。 so… as to…引导结果状语从句。 The test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating. She was so naive as to believe his words 8. 比较： It is foolish of her to buy the pictu