雾化吸入疗法简述.pptVIP

* 都保的正确使用方法。注意一定要垂直拿放，吸气一定要快而深，这与气雾剂不同。 * 干粉剂除了与pMDI相似的优点外，它不需抛射剂，不会对病人产生刺激。吸气启动，不需病人手的配合，使用较气雾剂更方便。另外，像普米克都保可使口咽部沉积少，局部副作用发生率低。当然干粉剂通常比pMDI贵，易受潮湿环境影响，特别是碟剂，干粉剂的另一不足是受吸气流速影响大，对于年龄小于4岁的患者不适合。目前市场上的其他干粉剂与都保相比性能差距较大，都保性能明显好于碟剂。 * 照念幻灯片，提醒1，使用准纳器不需要病人用力深吸气 2，用后应漱口 * 干粉剂除了与pMDI相似的优点外，它不需抛射剂，不会对病人产生刺激。吸气启动，不需病人手的配合，使用较气雾剂更方便。另外，像普米克都保可使口咽部沉积少，局部副作用发生率低。当然干粉剂通常比pMDI贵，易受潮湿环境影响，特别是碟剂，干粉剂的另一不足是受吸气流速影响大，对于年龄小于4岁的患者不适合。目前市场上的其他干粉剂与都保相比性能差距较大，都保性能明显好于碟剂。 * 干粉剂的优点与不足 * Slide 12. Aerosol Characteristics: Particle Size The MMAD of aerosolized particles should be 5 ?m; particles 1 to 5 ?m in diameter are considered to be within the respirable range.18 Particles between 1 and 0.1 ?m are too large to diffuse significantly and too small to be deposited by gravity in the airways. These particles remain suspended in the airstream and are generally exhaled.7 * Slide 13. Correlation Between Particle Size and Thoracic Deposition This figure shows the percentage of aerosol deposited in the lungs, as a percentage of total body deposition, versus volume median diameter of inhaled aerosols for the studies listed.23 A correlation exists such that greater particle diameter correlates with reduced lung deposition.23 * Slide 16. Inhalation Velocity Affects Lung Deposition With Nebulizer This slide demonstrates the effect of inspiratory flow rate on the distribution of radiolabeled aerosol in the lungs of patients with asthma. In a study by Laube et al, 9 patients aged 23 to 36 years with a history of allergic or exercise-induced asthma inhaled radiolabeled (99mTc sulfur) 0.9% buffered saline aerosol administered by a No. 42 De Vilbiss at a rapid (?60 L/min) or slow (?12 L/min) inspiratory flow rate on 2 study days.27 Aerosol distribution in the airways was quantified by gamma-camera scan.27 Methacholine challenge was performed after gamma scan; albuterol was administered to reverse airway obstruction after each challeng