数控英文课件Unit 15 Cutting tools.pptVIP

SXPI 陕西工业职业技术学院 The selection of the proper cutting tools for each operation on machining center is essential to producing an accurate part. Generally there is not enough thought and planning going into the selection of cutting tools for each particular job. The NC programmer must have a thorough knowledge of cutting tools and their applications in order to properly program any part. 要在加工中心上准确加工零件，基本的要求是为每一步加工操作选择合适的刀具。一般地，对于每一个具体工件而言，进行刀具选择时考虑都不充分。因此，数控编程人员必须非常了解切削刀具及其应用的知识，以便对任何零件都能正确编程。 Machining centers use a variety of cutting tools to perform various machining operations. These tools may be conventional high-speed steel, cemented carbide inserts, CBN (cubic boron nitride) inserts, or polycrystalline diamond insert tools. Some of the tools used are end mills, drills, taps, reamers, boring tools, etc. 加工中心使用多种多样的切削刀具以进行各种加工操作。这些刀具可能是通用高速钢刀具、硬质合金嵌入式刀具、立方氮化硼复合刀片嵌入式刀具及多金刚石嵌入式刀具。常用的一些刀具是端铣刀、钻头、丝锥、绞刀和镗刀等。 Studies show that machining center time consists of 20 percent milling, 10 percent boring, and 70 percent hole-making in an average machine cycle. On conventional milling machines, the cutting tool cuts approximately 20 percent of the time, while on machining centers the cutting time can be as high as 75 percent. The end result is that there is a larger consumption of disposable tools due to decreased tool life through increased tool usage. 研究表明，在加工中心上，平均每一个加工周期的工作时间中有20%是进行铣削、10%用于镗孔、70%进行孔加工。在普通铣床上，切削时间大约占总加工时间的20%，而在加工中心上，切削加工时间可高达75%。其结果是：刀具使用时间长了，刀具寿命减少了，因而刀具的需求量增大了。 End mills 端铣刀 End mills and shell end mills are widely used in machining centers. They are capable of performing a variety of machining operations such as face, pocket, and contour milling; spotfacing; counterboring; and roughing and finishing of holes using circular interpolation. 端铣刀和空心端铣刀是加工中心常用的两种刀具，它们能够进行加工中心上的各种加工操作，例如铣削表面、铣槽和进行轮廓铣、刮空口平面、扩孔以及用圆弧插补对孔进行粗加工和精加工。 Drills 钻头 Conventional as well as special drills are used to produce holes(Fig.15-2