植物学教学课件第3课组织.pdfVIP

II. Structures, distribution and function in Tissues of Plants 第二节 植物组织结构、分布与功能 The plant body consists of integrated structures called organs (器官）, such as roots, stems, leaves, petals etc., which in turn are made of tissues. Concept: Tissues are cell complexes which are similar in origin and structure, and are of same functions (指来 源相同、形态结构相似并行 使相同生理功能的细胞群) Tissues may be simple (consisting of one cell type only) as parachyma (薄壁细胞), collenchyma (厚角组织) or sclerenchyma (厚壁细胞), or complex (consisting of two or more cell types) as in the case of epidermis (表皮), xylem (木质部) and phloem (韧皮部) 简单组织——由同一类型细胞构成的组织。 复合组织——由多种类型细胞构成的组织。 Complex tissues 复合组织 Simple tissue 简单组织 Plants consist of four basic kinds of Tissues systems: Meristem 分生组织 M a t Ground 基本组织（薄壁与机械） u r e t i s Dermal 保护组织 s u e s 成 Vascular 输导组织 熟 组 织 Secretory structure 分泌结构 § Meristem 分生组织 A specialized regions of active cell division called meristem, Including: 按位置分： Apical meristem 顶端分生组织 Lateral meristem 侧生分生组织 Intercalary meristem 居间分生组织 According their origin and characters 按来源与性质分, including: A p i promeristem c a l 原分生组织 m e r primary meristem i s t e 初生分生组织 m s secondary meristem 次生分生组织 Secondary meristem 次生分生组织 Secondary meristem cells are derived from mature Parenchyma cells ( 薄壁组织细胞）. §Mature tissues 成熟组织 1. Parenchyma cells have thin primary walls 薄壁组织 Ground tissues （基本组织）are typically parenchyma. Many parenchyma cells are Isodiametric (等径的）. A transverse section （横切面）of corn (Zea ma