医学英语阅读（第2册）Unit 3 The Urinary System.pptx

The Urinary System;ur(o)- urine ureter(o)- ureter urethr(o)- urethra meat(o)- meatus cyst(o)- bladder vesic(o)- bladder ren(o)- kidney nephr(o)- kidney cortic(o)- cortex medull(o)- medulla ;glom- glomer(o)- ball pyel(o)- pelvis calc(o)-calci(o)- calcium lith(o)- stone calculus azot(o)- nitrogen py(o)- pus noct(o)-nocti- night olig(o)- few,little,scanty poly- many,much ptos(o)- droop pex(o)- fix ket(o)- ketone albumin(o)- albumin (protein) ;Text A The Urinary System;Identify the components of the urinary system. List the major functions of the urinary system. Describe the location and anatomical structure of the kidneys. Describe the process of urine formation in the body. Describe the process of urination. ;Watch the following video-clip and try to describe the organs of the urinary system and its working mechanism. Urinary System--Video for Kids.flv;Two kidneys Two ureters Bladder urethra;What essential roles do kidneys play in controlling the composition and volume of body fluids? Removes waste Maintains acid-base balance ;Describe the location and anatomical structure of the kidneys. ;Two bean-shaped organs Protected by ribs and fat Each kidney is found in mass of fatty tissue (adipose capsule) Two main sections: Cortex: outer layer, contains most of the nephrons that aid in production of urine Medulla: inner layer, contains most of tubes that carry urine from the nephrons through the kidneys;Describe the structure of a nephron. The nephron.flv;Microscopic filtering units Over 1 million/kidney Contains glomerulus Cluster of capillaries that filter waste Bowman’s capsule Surround glomerulus picks up filtered materials and passes it to the convolute