医学英语阅读（第2册）答案.doc

Unit 1 The Endocrine System Text A Labeling 1. pineal gland 2. pituitary gland 3. thyroid gland 4. thymus 5. adrenal gland 6. pancreas 7. ovary (female) 8. testes (male) Review Questions 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B Matching 1. g 2. i 3. e 4. b 5. a 6. j 7. c 8. d 9. f 10. h Applying Theory to Practice 1. The doctor might explain that GH administration would cause his son to grow taller. He might also explain that he might develop unwanted changes in his skeletal structure consistent with acromegaly. Other side effects are also possible. Examples include abnormal joint formation and diabetes mellitus. 2. Insufficient vitamin D results in insufficient Ca2+ absorption by the intestine. As a result, blood Ca2+ levels begin to fall. In response to the low blood Ca2+ levels, PTH is secreted from the parathyroid glands. PTH acts primarily on bone, causing bone to be broken down and Ca2+ to be released into the blood to maintain blood Ca2+ levels within the normal range. In adults, so much Ca2+ can eventually be removed from bones that they become soft, fragile, and easily broken. In adults, the condition is called osteomalacia, and in children, the condition is called rickets. The bones of children can become bent and deformed. 3. Large doses of cortisone can damage the adrenal cortex because cortisone inhibits ACTH secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. ACTH is required to keep the adrenal cortex from undergoing atrophy. Prolonged use of large doses of cortisone can cause the adrenal gland to atrophy so much that it cannot recover if ACTH secretion does increase again. Medical Terminology Word Parts Meaning Examples aden(o)- gland adenopathy 腺病 adenocarcinoma 腺癌 sialadenitis 涎腺炎 crin(o)- secrete apocrine 顶浆分泌的 endocrinologist 内分泌学家 exocrine 外分泌的 secret(o)- secrete secretodermatosis 皮肤分泌异常 antisecretory 抗分泌物 hypersecretion 分泌过多 hormon(o)- hormone hormonagogue 催激素剂 hormonopoiesis 激素生成 hormonotherapy 激素疗法 pituit(o)- pituitary gl