讲义-句子种类(1)陈述句和疑问句.docVIP

梦飞教育 PAGE 13 班级： 姓名： 座号： 讲义：句子种类（1） 英语句子的分类 句子是语言运用的单位。一个句子可以表达一个完整的思想：陈述一件事(陈述句) ，提出一个问题(疑问句)，表示一个请求或者命令(祈使句),抒发一种感情(感叹句)。 根据句子的使用目的，英语句子可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1、陈述句 陈述句陈述事实，肯定或否定一件事情。 肯定句: Jim is a student.吉姆是一个学生。 He likes music.他喜欢音乐。 否定句: She cannot play the piano.她不会弹钢琴。 Jim is not a student.吉姆不是学生。 Tom has not a sister. 汤姆没有姐姐(妹妹)。 Tom does not have a sister.汤姆没有姐姐(妹妹)。 He does not like music.他不喜欢音乐。 We do not have classes on Sunday.我们星期天不上课。 陈述句否定式的构成： 如果句子的谓语动词是情态动词、助动词、连系动词be 或者have时, 在其后面加副词not，即构成否定句； 如果句子的谓语动词是实义动词，一般在这个动词之前加助动词“do+ not”，即构成否定句。 陈述句改否定句的方法——一步法 1. 有be动词(is are am were was)/情态动词(can，could, will, would, shall, should，must，may)的。在be动词/情态动词后加not。 2. 无be动词/情态动词，一般现在时在实意动词前加don’t第三人称单数前doesnt/一般过去式 didn’t。 3加doesnt/ did n’t的句子注意，句子动词要变成原型。 Be动词 I am a student. → I am not a student. You are sad. → You are not sad. He is playing the guitar. → He is not playing the guitar 情态动词 I?can?swim.??→??I?can?not?swim.? You?will?go?to?the?park.?→?You?will?not?go?to?the?park. 实义动词 当句中的动词是原形时，加don’t I like English. → I do not like English. You have dinner. → You do not have dinner. 当句中的动词是第三人称单数时，加doesn’t ，再加动词原形 She likes singing. → She doesn’t like singing. She does her homework. → She does not do her homework. 当句中的动词是过去式时，用didn’t，加动词原形 We had a great time during our holidays. → We did not have a great time during our holidays. I went to school yesterday. → I did not go to school yesterday. 注意：陈述句中的some在否定句中应改为any 如： There are some students in the classroom. ? There are not any students in the classroom. 陈述句变否定句的专项训练 Be 动词 He is a boy. _______________________________________________ I am your friend. _______________________________________________ My sister is a beautiful girl. _______________________________________________ My mother is a worker. _______________________________________________ They are in the classroom. _______________________________________________ 情态动词 Lucy will be