研究生英语阅读教程 课后III翻译.docVIP

A?simplified?form?of?the?English?language?based?on?850?key?words? was?developed?in?the?late?1920s?by?the?English?psychologist?Charles?Kay? Ogden?and?publicized?by?the?English?educator?I.?A.?Richards.?Known?as?Basic?English,?it?was?used?mainly?to?teach?English?to?non-English speaking?persons?and?promoted?as?an?international?language.?The?complexities?of? English?spelling?and?grammar,?however,?were?major??obstaclesto?the?adoption?of?Basic? English?as?a?second?language.? The?fundamental?principle?of?Basic?English?was?that?any? idea,however complex,?may?be?reduced?to?simple?units?of?thought? and?expressed?clearly?by?a?limited?number?of?everyday?words.?The?850-word? primary?vocabulary?was?composed?of?600?nouns?(representing? things?or?events),?150?adjectives?(for?qualities?and6?properties?),?and? 100?general?operational?words,?mainly?verbs?and?prepositions.?Almost?all?the?words ?were?in?7?common?use?in?English-speaking?countries.?More?than?60?percent of? them?were?one-syllable?words.?The?basic?vocabulary?was?created?in?part/?partially by?eliminating?numerous?words?which?have?the?same?or?similar?meanings?and?by? extending?the?use?of?18?basic?verbs,?such?as?make,?get,?do,?have,?and?be.?These?verbs? were?generally?combined?with?prepositions,?such?as?up,?among,?under,?in,?and?forward.?For?example,?a?Basic?English?student?would?use?the?expression?‘’go?up”10?instead?of?ascend?‘’ ?