膜技术和环境保护中的水处理_英文翻译.pdfVIP

Application of membrane in water treatment The application of membrane in water treatment depends on it s effectiveness of separation and cost of process. As an advanced separation technology , it is endowed with many advantages : high selectivity , applicability under ambient temperature without phase change , low cost of energy , high level of automation ,low pollution and etc. 1 Desalination of seawater and black water RO is the most economical way for the desalination of seawater and black water. The energy consumption is less than 5 kWh/ t for seawater or 0. 5· ～3 kW ·h/ t for black water. The biggest plant of RO for seawater desalination can produce water 2. 1105m3/ × d , for black water is 1. 3 105 m3/ d. It seems that RO is the best method to solve the× problem of drinking water and industrial water in the draught areas. It can be verified by the fact that most of the largest desalination plant s are located in Middle East as shown in tab. 2[3 ] . 2 Purification of drinking water Membrane is the best tool for the purification of drinking water becauseit can remove the suspended substance , bacteria , toxic metallic components and organic components to improve the water quality. 90 % of the city water is productive water, only 9 % supplied water is the domestic water and only 1 % is drinking water. To supply water separately for the resident zones is an effective way to improve the quality of drinking water. Supplying water separately is to treat the 1 % supplied water with membrane for special purpose. Separate supply system has been built in some resident zones of Beijing and Shenyang , which mainly use RO membrane. Tab. 2 The largest five desalination plant s in the world Country Production capacity (m3/ d) Unit number