6.传输线效应和高速电路PCB设计.pptVIP

中華大學 通訊系 Transmission Line Effects in High Speed Digital PCBs 中華大學 通訊系 田慶誠 tien@chu.edu.tw 03 5186030 Introduction of Waves Vp: Phase velocity Lumped v.s. Distributed Circuit Lumped Circuits Lumped v.s. Distributed Circuit Definitions of lumped element (1) Input current amplitude = Output current amplitude (2) Input current phase = Output current phase Lumped v.s. Distributed Circuit Distributed Circuit Lumped v.s. Distributed Circuit What “Distributed” means Rise Time v.s. Travel Time Tr: Rise Time Td: Delay Time Digital Interconnection Rules 數位工程師的 Rule of thumb Signal path can be treated as: A lumped element, if Tr 6 Td (Short ckt, series resistor, shunt capacitor) A lumped model, if 2.5 Tr/Td 6 (Series inductor with shunt capacitor) A distributed model, if Tr 2.5 Td (Transmission Line or multi-section LC model) Why Tr 6 Td ? Example: Rs = 0.25 Zo, RL= ? Why Tr 6 Td ? Multi-reflections occurred at load Tr = 2 Td Tr = 4 Td Why Tr 6 Td ? Strong ringing Smooth ripple Tr = 2 Td Tr = 4 Td Example of High-Speed IC Interconnection CMOS On-chip 1mm interconnection Vp= 0.5c = 150mm/ns Td=1mm/Vp = 0.067ns Rule of Thumb only worked as: Tr 6Td= 0.04ns FCLK (8Tr) -1 = 3GHz Inductance extraction now is very important !! Example of High-Speed IC Interconnection 10mm interconnection between IC’s Vp= 0.6c =180mm/ns Td= 10mm/Vp = 0.056ns Rule of Thumb only worked as: Tr 6Td= 0.33ns FCLK (8Tr) -1 = 375 MHz Distributed analysis now is very important !! Sinusoidal EM Wave Oscillations in Time Sinusoidal EM Wave Wave Motion in Space Period v.s. Travel Time Period T = 1/freq Td= L/(freq*?) VBB’(t) is different from VAA’(t) Period v.s. Travel Time 類比工程師的 Rule of thumb Signal path can be treated as: A lumped element, if Td T/100 (Short ckt, series resistor, shunt capacitor) A lumped model, if T/100 Td T/20 (Series inductor with shunt capacitor) A distributed model, if Td T/20 (Transmission Line or multi-section LC model) Trace v.s. Wavelength 類比