船舶锅炉水处理.doc

Drew Marine 锅炉水处理 1 Primary Functions of Boiler Water Treatment Program 锅炉水处理基本功用 Drew Marine ? To inhibit the corrosion process throughout the system 阻止系统腐蚀 ? To render any scale forming constituents harmless in the boiler water 防止水垢对锅炉系统的危害 ? To prevent carry-over of solids from the boiler to the power and heating plant system 防止锅炉杂质进入加热及动力系统 2 Water Related Problems 与水相关的问题 Drew Marine Scale Deposits Corrosion 3 Scale Formation 水垢的形成 Drew Marine Common Water Impurities 水中的杂质 ? Calcium 钙 ? Magnesium 镁 ? Silica 硅 4 Drew Marine Principal water-related problems scaling 水相关问题—水垢 ? Scaling is the formation of a crystalline, interlocked layer of mineral substances on heat transfer surfaces 水垢是矿物质在传热面上形成的结晶层 ? Severe scaling normally typically occurs only within the boiler 严重的水垢问题多出现于锅炉内 ? Typical scale formed are predominantly a carbonate/sulfate complex of Calcium and magnesium 典型的水垢均为钙 ,硫酸离子的复杂化合物 ,镁离子与碳酸 ? ? Calcium carbonate Magnesium sulfate CaCO 3 MgSO 4 5 Drew Marine Principal water-related problems scaling 水相关问题—水垢 ? lower If unchecked, scaling will boiler efficiency 若不加以关注，水垢将会降低锅炉效率 ? It will retard heat transfer 阻止热传导 ? Eventually scale buildup will cause the tubes to overheat and rupture 更有可能造成水管过热及损坏 ? Scale can also accelerate corrosion 水垢也可能加重腐蚀 6 Drew Marine Scales水垢 ? Calcium Carbonate Ca(HCO ) 3 2 CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H O 2 ? Calcium Sulfate CaSO 4 + 2H O 2 CaSO .2H O 4 2 ? Magnesium Hydroxide MgCO 3 + H O 2 Mg(OH) 2 + CO 2 7 Solubility of CaSO 4 溶解度表 Drew Marine Heavily Scaled-Tube 严重腐蚀的水管 Drew Marine Prone to Under-Deposit Corrosion 沉积物下腐蚀 9 Drew Marine Scale and Iron Oxide Mixtures 水垢与氧化铁的混合 10 Heavily Scaled-Tube 严重结垢的水管 Drew Marine 11 Drew Marine Deposits Insulate Boiler Tubes 结垢使锅炉水管被绝热 ? Deposits insulate tubes and cause overheating 结垢使锅炉水管传热能力降低引起过热 Heat Input Tube Wall Deposit Bulk Steam Water Mixture Temperature Gradient Across Fouled Tube ? Temp at tube wall is higher than temp across porous deposit 管壁温度高于沉积物外侧的温度 Temp Δ Tube Wall Δ Deposit T