毕业设计（论文）-数控车床自动回转刀架机电系统设计.docx

PAGE PAGE I 数控车床自动回转刀架机电系统设计 摘 要 全套图 纸加扣 3346389411或3012250582 本次设计主要是将传统的回转刀架进行自动化升级，采用电动机带动刀架的工作来达到我们的设计要求。机械部分的主要工作原理是：电动机通过联轴器将动力传输到蜗杆，再由蜗轮蜗杆副的传动配合将动力传至螺杆，使得螺杆发生转动，以此带动上下刀体的分离，从而实现换刀的目的，换到结束后，通过电动机的正反转来控制螺杆的升降实现刀架的松开与锁紧。 电气控制部分的原理是：在每把刀上安装有一个霍尔元件，与刀架的磁铁感应反馈来控制刀。电动机的正反转通过线圈控制，而控制正转的常闭触点与反转的线圈连接，相反控制反转的常闭触点与正转的线圈连接，以此达到互锁的目的，避免电机的损坏。此次改造以后的自动回转刀架具备有以下功能：自动转位换刀、自动松开、自动锁紧、精准定位等一系列功能。改进以后的回转刀架结构相对更简单，操作更简便。 关键词：自动回转刀架，自动换刀，可编程控制  MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DESIGN OF CNC LATHE AUTOMATIC TURNING TOOL REST ABSTRACT This design is mainly the traditional rotary tool holder automatic upgrade, using the motor drive tool holder work to meet our design requirements. Mechanical parts of the main working principle is: motor power transmission by coupling to the worm, again by the worm gear and worm pair would transmit the power to the screw, the screw rotation, drive up and down with the blade of the separation, so as to realize the purpose of the tool change, change to the end, through the motor is forward and reverse control to the realization of the rise and fall of the screw head to loosen and tighten. The principle of the electrical control part is that a hall element is installed on each knife, and the magnet of the knife holder is fed back to control the knife. The positive and negative rotation of the motor is controlled by the coil, and the normally closed contact controlling the forward rotation is connected with the reversed coil, while the normally closed contact controlling the reverse rotation is connected with the forward rotation coil, so as to achieve the purpose of interlocking and avoid the damage of the motor. After the transformation, the automatic rotary tool rest has the following functions: automatic rotation tool change, automatic release, automatic locking, precise positioning and a series of functions. The improved rotary tool rest structure is simpler and easier to operate. KEY WORDS:Automatic rotary tool rest,Automatic tool changer,Pr