Chapter-1-复变函数与积分变换(英文版).pptVIP

* Functions of Complex Variable and Integral Transforms Gai Yunying Department of Mathematics Harbin Institutes of Technology Preface There are two parts in this course. The first part is Functions of complex variable(the complex analysis). In this part, the theory of analytic functions of complex variable will be introduced. The complex analysis that is the subject of this course was developed in the nineteenth century, mainly by Augustion Cauchy (1789-1857), later his theory was made more rigorous and extended by such mathematicians as Peter Dirichlet (1805-1859), Karl Weierstrass (1815-1897), and Georg Friedrich Riemann (1826-1866). Complex analysis has become an indispensable and standard tool of the working mathematician, physicist, and engineer. Neglect of it can prove to be a severe handicap in most areas of research and application involving mathematical ideas and techniques. The first part includes Chapter 1-6. The second part is Integral Transforms: the Fourier Transform and the Laplace Transform. The second part includes Chapter 7-8. 1 Chapter 1 Complex Numbers and Functions of Complex Variable 1. Complex numbers field, complex plane and sphere 1.1 Introduction to complex numbers As early as the sixteenth century Ceronimo Cardano considered quadratic (and cubic) equations such as , which is satisfied by no real number , for example . Cardano noticed that if these “complex numbers” were treated as ordinary numbers with the added rule that , they did indeed solve the equations. The important expression is now given the widely accepted designation . It is customary to denote a complex number: The real numbers and are known as the real and imaginary parts of , respectively, and we write Two complex numbers are equal whenever they have the same real parts and the same ima