第1-4章-微流控芯片.pptxVIP

第1-4章 微流控芯片目 录发展背景制备技术流体控制典型实例商品简介目 录发展背景制备技术流体控制典型实例商品简介Do you know?Biochip生物芯片Lab-on-a-Chip芯片实验室 LabchipMicrofluidic Chip微流控芯片Micro Total Analysis System (MicroTAS, ?TAS) 微全分析系统Why miniaturization？ Research into miniaturization is primarily driven by the need to reduce costs by reducing the consumption of expensive reagents and by increasing throughput and automation. For example, most are aware of the increasing cost of health care, driven in part by the cost of implementing the latest diagnostic assays. These assays, which are usually performed in microtiter plates that consume hundreds of microliters of reagents, would benefit from the use of microfabricated arrays of nanoliter volume vials. By reducing reagent consumption by a factor of 103–104, these devices could provide dramatic savings for the repetitive assays often performed in diagnostic laboratories.Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 330A-335A In the same way that integrated circuits allowed for the miniaturization of computers from the size of a room to the size of a notebook, miniaturization has the potential to shrink a room full of instruments into a compact lab-on-a-chip.Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 330A-335A尺寸效应（cm→100?m）尺寸1/100分子扩散时间 1/10,000 (1h→0.36s)体积1/1,000,000 试剂用量 1t→1g, ml→nl传热速度 1500oC/s由此将带来：方法上的变革理论上的突破还有巨大的经济和社会效益微流控分析芯片微流控分析芯片目的是通过化学分析设备的微型化与集成化，最大限度地把分析实验室的功能转移到便携的芯片中。微流控分析芯片通过微机电加工技术把整个实验室的功能，包括采样、稀释、加试剂、反应、分离、检测等集成在几平方厘米的微流控芯片上，且可多次使用，因而极大地减少了样品和分析试剂的用量，降低了分析的成本，加快了分析的速度，具有广泛的适用性 。发 展 历 史The Early Days: 1975-1989The first analytical miniaturized deviceA gas chromatographic air analyzer fabricated on a silicon wafer Terry, S. C. Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford, Stanford, CA, 1975Terry, Stephen C.; et al. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1979, ED-26(12), 1880A miniature gas anal. system based on the principles of gas chromatog. The major components are fabricated in Si using photolithog. and chem. etching techniques, which allows size redns. of nearly 3 orders of magnitude compared to conventiona