基于单片机的模糊PID炉温控制系统设计.docx

PAGE V 摘 要 电热炉是在工业热处理的生产中广泛使用的一种设备，电热炉的温度控制系统存在时变性，非线性，滞后性等特征，难以用常规PID的控制器对系统达到很好的控制效果。当控温精度的要求高时，使用传统的控制理论方法难以达到理想控制效果。因此，将模糊控制规则加入对PID参数的调整，使炉温的控制效果得到良好的提升。 本文借助MATLAB下的Simulink工具箱来对照观察仿真图像，对常规PID控制和模糊PID控制方法进行仿真的分析。通过实验结果可以看出当采用常规PID进行控制时，只能满足最基本的控制要求，但存在许多缺陷像超调量大、前期震荡大等。采用模糊PID控制时，系统的控制变得更加稳定，调节时间缩短且超调量小等性能指标，模糊PID控制方式比传统PID控制方式有更加出色的控制效果，最终希望模糊PID控制方式在实际中有更深入的应用，促进本理论在控制炉温应用方面的推广和发展。 本文在硬件的设计上，给出了硬件系统各个模块的设计，系统以AT89C51位核心，研究一种基于模糊PID控制的温度控制系统。 关键词 模糊PID 仿真 温度控制 AT89C51单片机 Abstract Electric heating furnace is a kind of equipment which is widely used in the production of heat treatment industry, electric heating furnace temperature control system in the presence of degeneration, and the nonlinear, hysteretic characteristics, it is difficult to conventional PID controller on the system reached a good control effect. When temperature control accuracy is high, the ideal control effect is difficult to achieve with the traditional control theory.. Therefore, the fuzzy control rule is added to the PID parameter adjustment, the control effect of temperature to get good ascension. With the help of MATLAB Simulink toolbox to control observation under simulated images on conventional PID control and fuzzy PID control method simulation analysis. The experimental results can be seen when using conventional PID control, we can only meet the most basic control requirements, but there are a number of drawbacks as large overshoot, pre-shock and large. When using fuzzy PID control, control system becomes more stable, adjust the time by a small overshoot and other performance indicators, fuzzy PID control has better control performance than traditional PID control, and ultimately hope fuzzy PID control method in actual there are more in-depth application, to promote this theory in furnace temperature control applications in the promotion and development. In this paper, hardware design, each module is given hardware system design, system AT