[81]ANTIBIOTICS—MICROBIALASSAYS（抗生素微生物学试验）USP39.pdf

Accessed from by ebsc0sa on Mon May 23 22:02:32 EDT 2016 Errata to First Supplement to USP 39–NF 34 Biological Tests / á81ñ Antibiotics—Microbial Assays 1 á81ñ ANTIBIOTICS—MICROBIAL ASSAYS INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL INFORMATION The activity (potency) of antibiotics can be demonstrated by their inhibitory effect on microorganisms under suitable condi- tions. A reduction in antimicrobial activity may not be adequately demonstrated by chemical methods. This chapter summari- zes procedures for the antibiotics recognized in the United States Pharmacopeia ( USP) for which the microbiological assay is the standard analytical method. Two general techniques are employed: the cylinder-plate (or plate) assay and the turbidimetric (or tube) assay. Table 1 lists all the antibiotics that contain microbial assays and specifies the type of assay (cylinder-plate or turbidimetric). Table 1 Antibiotic Type of Assay Amphotericin B Cylinder-plate Bacitracin Cylinder-plate Bleomycin Cylinder-plate Capreomycin Turbidimetric Carbenicillin Cylinder-plate Chloramphenicol Turbidimetric Chlortetracycline Turbidimet