电气工程及其自动化专业_外文文献_英文文献_外文翻译_plc方面.docxVIP

1、 外文原文 A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer Th e si ng le - c hi p mic ro co mput er i s t he c ul mi na ti on of both t h e de ve lo pmen t o f t he d ig it al co mpu te r an d th e i n te gr at ed c i rc ui t a rg ua bl y t h e to w mos t s ig ni f ic an t i nv en ti on s of t he 20th c e nt ur y [1 ]. Th es e t ow ty pe s of ar ch it ec tu re a re fo un d i n s in gle -ch i p mi cr oc ompu te r. So me em pl oy t he spl i t pr og ra m/ da ta memory o f th e Ha rv ar d ar ch it ect ure , sh own in Fi g.3 - 5A- 1, o th ers fo ll ow t he ph il os op hy , wi del y a da pt ed f or ge ner al - pur po se co mpu te rs a nd mi cr op ro ce ss or s, o f maki ng n o log i ca l di st in ct ion be tw ee n pr og ra m an d d at a memory a s i n t he P r in ce to n ar ch ite c tu re , sh own i n F ig.3 -5 A- 2. In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e - chi p m ic ro co mput er i s c h ar ac te ri ze d by t he i nc or po ra ti on of a ll t he un it s of a co mputer i n to a s in gl e d ev i ce , as s ho wn in Fi g3 - 5A- 3. Program memory Input CPU Output unit Data memory Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard type Input memory CPU Output unit Fig.3-5A-2. A conventional Princeton computer External System Timer/ Timing clock Counter components Serial I/O Reset Interrupts Power  ROM Prarallel I/O RAM CPU Fig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputer Read only memory (ROM).R OMi s us ua ll y f or th e p erm an ent, no n- vo la ti le s tor age o f an a pp lic ati on s pr og ra m . Man y mi cr oc ompu te rs an d m ar e in te nd e d f or hi gh -v ol ume a ppl ic at ions an d he nc e t he eco nomic al m an uf act ure o f th e de vic es re qu ir es t h at t he co nt en t s of t he pr og ra m memor y b e co mmit t ed pe rm ane ntly du ri ng t he m an ufa c tu re o f ch ip s . Cl ea rl y, t hi s i mpl ie s a r i go ro us a pp ro ach to R OMc od e de ve l op ment s in ce ch ang es c an not be mad e af te r manu f ac tu re . Th is d ev elo pmen t pr oc ess ma y in vo lv e emul at io n us in g