英语语音基础的知识点好.pdfVIP

英语语音基础知识 1．关于语音的几个概念 1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母 a, e, i(y), o, u, 2)音标：词的语音形式。 3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48 音素。 4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple, student, teacher, understand 5)元音：发音响亮，口腔中气流不受阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20 元音。 6)辅音：发音不响亮，口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28 辅音。 7)开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e。 name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, h 8)闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音。 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音 it 9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标) 1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2)[i] sit, build, miss, myth 3)[e] bed, desk, head, 4)[æ] bad, land, bank, stamp 5)[a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6)[Λ ] cup, come, blood, rough 7)[ ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, bought, 8)[ɔ] hot, want 9)[u:] good, who, blue, soup, 10)[u] look, put, women, could 11)[ә:] girl, work, serve, nurse 12)[ә] ago, forget, dollar, doctor 13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 14)[ai] bike,try, find, height, eye 15)[әu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16)[au] house, town 17)[ɔi] boy, oil 18)[ ә] dear, idea, deer, here, 19)[ε ә] pear, care, there, fair 20)[uә] tour, poor, 3. 容易混淆的元音 1)[e] [æ] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2)[i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3)[e] [ai] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4)[au] [ɔ:] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5)[au] [Λ ] found fond; gown gone; down don 4. 辅音 1)[p] pen, 2)[b] bed, comb 3)[t] tell, 4)[d], day, played, wanted 5)[k] cold, sky, school, back, box 6)[g] big, go, guess, language 7)[m] man 8)[n] nine, knife, autumn 9)[η ] bank, uncle, English, sing, 10)[l] land, world 11)[r] read, write, 12)[f] five,