【单面】英语高级句法.pdf

名词性从句 经典例题： 1. _____ is that I can’t understand what she is talking about. A. What I find difficult B. What I find it difficult C. How difficult I find D. How difficult I find it 解析：我认为困难的是我弄不明白她在说什么。判断此句为主语从句，属于名词性从句。名词性从 句根据意思选择关系代词，由于从句中缺少宾语，所以选择 A 。B 项成分完整，填写 what 不恰当。 2. Her remarks left me wondering _____ she could have changed so suddenly. A. when B. how C. whether D. that 解析：她的话让我想知道她如何变化得这么突然。 根据句意选择 B。 宾语从句： 1. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _____. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 解析：疑问词+不定式的结构，选择 C。 主语从句： 1. It is by no means clear _____ the president can do to end the strike, A. how B. which C. that D. what 解析：总统会采取什么措施来结束罢工一点都不清楚。 It 为形式主语，空格处引导的从句为真正的主语。从句中 do 缺少宾语，故选择 D。 非谓语动词 经典例题： 1. _____ the plan carefully, he rejected it. A. To have considered B. To consider C. Having considered D. Considering 解析：认真考虑那个计划之后，他拒绝了。 由于一个句子只 能有一个谓语，这里考虑非谓语形式。he 和 consider 形成主动关系，由于从句与主语的动作存在先 后关系，所以要用完成时，选择 C。 2. Millions of people rushed to California, _____ that they would find gold and become rich. A. convinced B. convincing C. to convince D. to be convinced 解析：上百万的人口涌向加利福尼亚州，因为他们坚信可以找到黄金，变得富有。由于一个句子只 能有一个谓语，判断这里是非谓语。根据词组 be convinced that 判断这里用 ed 形式表示系表结 构，所以选择 A 。 1 3. _____, I went back to my dormitory unhappy in the evening. A. With angthing done B. With something doing C. With nothing done D. With nothing having done 解析：什么也没做成，晚上我很不开心地回到了宿舍。本句是由 with 引导的一个表示原因的独立主 格结构，由后半句中的 unhappy 可知，前面应该用 nothing，又因为 nothing 和 do 存在逻辑上的动 宾关系，所以要用过去分词 done 来表示被动，选择 C。 4. The research scientists often meet with problems _____ new types of instruments fot their solution. A. require B. to re