有机化合物中英文命名.pptVIP

12. 羧酸 Carboxylic acids 3-butynoic acid 2-isohexenoic acid H 3 C CH C H CH 3 H C COOH HC C H 2 C COOH CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 COOH butanoic acid butyric acid 12. 羧酸 Carboxylic acids HOOC Cl 2-chlorocyclopentane-1- carboxylic acid CH 3 -C-Cl Cl C C H COOH H ( Z )-4,4-dichloro-2-pentenoic acid CH 3 -CH 2 -CH-CH 2 -CH-CH 2 -COOH COOH CH 2 COOH 2-ethyl-4-( carboxymethyl ) hexanedioic acid 6 、醚 -Ethers (R 1 -O-R 2 ) ? Systematic name C-C-C-C=C OC 4-methox y-1-pentene C 2 H 5 -O CH 3 p -ethox ytoluene CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 O 1,2-dimethoxyethane 4H o o furan tetrahydrofuran 1,4-dioxane O O 6 、醚 -Ethers (R 1 -O-R 2 ) ? Trivial name: list the names of both groups that attached to the oxygen in an alphabetic order + ether ? 俗名法： 按照字母顺序列出和氧原子相连的两个 烷基 + ether C-O-C=C C-C-O-C-C methyl vinyl ether diethyl ether benzyl isopropyl ether C 6 H 5 CH 2 O-C-C C sec -butyl methyl ether 仲丁基 2-methoxybutane C 2 H 5 O C 2 H 5 H 3 C CH 2 CH CH 3 O CH 3 H 3 C CH 2 O CH CH 3 CH 3 ethyl isopropyl ether 6 、醚 -Ethers (R 1 -O-R 2 ) (di)ethyl ether Trivial name: 冠醚 -crown ethers 规则：碳原子个数 +crown+ 氧原子个数 8-crown-4 12-crown-6 O O O O O O O O O O 6 、醚 -Ethers (R 1 -O-R 2 ) 1-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane CH CH O H 3 C Cl CH CH O R R 7. 环氧化合物 Epoxides ? Systematic name: epoxy + the name of alkane ? 规则： epoxy+ 烷烃名称 2-(meth yl thio)butane H 3 C S CH H 2 C CH 3 CH 3 8. 硫醚 Sulfides R 1 -S-R 2 ? thioethers – sulfides (RSR, 硫醚 ) ? -SR, alkylthio , 烷基硫基 ? Systematic name: name the simple SR group as a substituent, the long chain as a parent body . The name of small alkylthio + the name of alkane ? 规则： 简单的烷基硫基作为取代基，长碳链作为主链 8. 硫醚 Sulfides R1-S-R2 ? Trivival name ： the name of R1 + the name of R2 + sulfide ? 规则：按照字母顺序列出和硫原子相连的两个 烷基 + sulfide sec -butyl methyl sulfide 仲丁基 H 3 C S CH H 2 C CH 3 CH 3 p -(ethylthio)benzoic acid p -ethyl( thio )benzoic acid H 3 C H 2 C S COOH 8. 硫醚 Sulfides R1-S-R2 In order to avoid the confusion of – SR and -SH groups in same cases, parenthesis must be correctly u