国际自然资源管理论文--国际水资源管理策略分析.docVIP

. . . . . 国际自然资源管理论文--国际水资源管理策略 Abstract :Water Resources Management is an international, multidisciplinary forum for publication of original contributions and the exchange of knowledge and experience on the management of water resources. In particular, the journal publishes contributions on water resources assessment, development, conservation and control, emphasizing policies and strategies. Contributions examine planning and design of water resource systems, and operation, maintenance and administration of water resource systems. Key words:water resource managment ,issues,stratsgies. There is a water crisis today.But the crisis is not only about having little water to satisfy.It is a crisis of managing water resources.Water resource managment issues and strategies are what will be discussed in the following context. 1.?? Water resources are becoming scarce 1.1 Agricultural crisis Although food security has been significantly increased in the past thirty years, water withdrawals for irrigation represent 66 % of the total withdrawals and up to 90 % in arid regions, the other 34 % being used by domestic households (10 %), industry (20 %), or evaporated from reservoirs (4 %). (Source: Shiklomanov, 1999) ?As the per capita use increases due to changes in lifestyle and as population increases as well, the proportion of water for human use is increasing. This, coupled with spatial and temporal variations in water availability, means that the water to produce food for human consumption, industrial processes and all the other uses is becoming scarce. 1.2 Environmental crisis It is all the more critical that increased water use by humans does not only reduce the amount of water available for industrial and agricultural development but has a profound effect on aquatic ecosystems and their dependent species. Environmental balances are d