植物的光合作用no2c课件.ppt

? Classic CAM plants. Saguaro Cacti ( Carnegiea gigantea ) in Sonora. Kranz anatomy See any good plant physiology text for more information about C 4 plants and C 4 physiology (we arent covering it because it is absent in almost all woody plants) Typical architecture of C3 and C4 plants C 3 plant C 4 plant mesophyll cells bundle sheath cells bundle- sheath cell mesophyll cell plasmodesmata Plasmodes mata connect the bundle- sheath and mesophyll cells 三、碳同化途径方面 C 3 植物 C 4 植物 1 ．碳同化途径 C 3 C 3 和 C 4 2 ． CO 2 固定场所 叶肉细胞 叶肉细胞 3 ． CO 2 还原场所 叶肉细胞 维管束鞘细胞 4 ． CO 2 原初受体 RuBP PEP Rubisco 低 PEP 羧化酶 高 6 ． CO 2 固定的原初产物 PGA （ C 3 ） 草酰乙酸（ C 4 ） 7 ．同化 1CO 2 需 ATP 3 5 8 ．同化 1CO 2 需光量子 15 （在 1%O 2 为 12 ） 14 5 ．催化 CO 2 固定的酶及 对 CO 2 的亲和力 四、生态适应性 C 3 植物 C 4 植物 适应环境 低光、低温、高温 高光、高温、低湿 蒸腾系数 450-950g/g 250-350g/g Feature C3 C4 CAM Leaf anatomy no distinct bundle sheath Kranz anatomy Usually no palisade cells, large vacuoles Initial carboxylating enzyme rubisco PEPcase PEPcase Product of CO 2 fixation PGA (C3) OAA (C4) OAA (C4) Chloroplasts one type dimorphic one type Theoretical energy requirements (CO 2 : ATP: NADPH) 1: 3: 2 1: 5 : 2 1: 6.5: 2 Transpiration ratio (g H 2 O/g dry wt) 450-950 250-350 18-125 Photosynthesis rate (mg CO 2 fixed dm - 2 h -1 ) 15 - 30 40 - 80 (low) chl a/b ratio 2.8 3.9 2.5 - 3.0 Requirement for sodium as a micronutrient? No Yes No Carbon dioxide compensation point (ppm) 50 - 150 (Hi) 0-10 (low) 0-5 (in dark) Response to light Light saturation easily achieved No light saturation - Photosynthesis inhibited by oxygen? Yes No Yes Photorespiration detectable? Yes Only in bundl