ChapterfiveSummarizing摘要写作 课件.pptVIP

Chapter 5 Summarizing summary definition: the gist or main theme of a piece of writing expressed in as few words as possible requirements : clear, brief, and complete , with all the essential points included, so that the general effect of the original is achieved. Focus 1 Uses of Summary-Writing 1. Summary writing enables people to get more out of their reading. Why ? forcing us to pay attention to what we read, for no one can write a summary of any piece of writing unless he has clearly grasped its meaning. So summarizing is excellent training . It makes us read with the mind as well as the eye. 2. Summary-writing is also a very good exercise. It teaches us to express thoughts clearly, concisely and effectively. Why ? Since we are required to express the main information in as few words as possible, we must learn to choose our words and construct our sentences carefully and to write in strictly logical order. 3. Summary-writing has great practical value . Why ? The ability ( to grasp quickly and accurately what is read or heard and to reproduce it briefly, clearly and concisely ) is of great importance, particularly to lawyers, scholars, businessmen, and government officials. Focus 2 Procedure What ? 1. Reading 1) We first read through the original carefully, but not too slowly, to get a clear idea of its general meaning . 2) We are required to supply a title for our summary. Think of some word, phrase or short sentence that will sum up briefly the subject of the piece of writing. 3) Further reading is now necessary to ensure that we understand the details of the piece of writing as well as its main idea. 4) When we have a clear and correct idea of the subject or main theme of the piece, we can decide which parts are essential and which parts can be omitted. 5) We jot down the subject, the title, and the details which we will include in the summary and are now ready to write the summary. 2. W