山东专用2020版高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题八定语从句课件外研版.pptVIP

专题八 定语从句 考向分析 定语从句包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种 , 是三大从句 中考查最频繁的从句 , 在语法填空和短文改错两种题型中均有涉及 , 考查的 重点是 that,which,who,whose,when,where 等关系词的用法。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 单句填空 考点清单 语境运用 1.(2018 课标全国卷Ⅰ )Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 答案 that/which 句意 : 该报告的其中两名作者在 2014 年还发表了一 项研究 , 这项研究表明每天只跑步 5 至 10 分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由 于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。本题考查定语从句。先行词为 study, 指“物” ; 将先行词代入定语从句后为 :A study showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and..., 由 此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语 , 故填 that 或 which 。 2.(2017 课标全国卷Ⅰ )Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health. 答案 which 考查定语从句。句意 : 和其他东西一样 , 两者都有可能食 用过多 , 这对健康是没有好处的。设空处指代前面的一句话 , 引导非限 制性定语从句 , 故填 which 。 3.My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 答案 whose 句意 : 我的大儿子现在在纽约 , 他的工作让他走遍世界各 地。设空处引导的定语从句修饰先行词 son, 设空处在从句中作定语修 饰 work, 所以要用关系代词 whose 。 4.The number of smokers, as is reported,has dropped by 17 per- cent in just one year. 答案 as 句意 : 正如报道的那样 , 吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少 了百分之十七。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为整个主句的内 容 , 关系词在定语从句中作主语 , 故填 as 。 as is reported 正如报道的那 样。 单句改错 5.(2017 课标全国卷Ⅱ )In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. that→which 答案 that→which 逗号之后是非限制性定语从句 , 先行词为 garden, 关 系词在从句中作主语 , 故用 which 而不能用 that 引导非限制性定语从句。 6.(2017 课标全国卷Ⅲ )Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instru- ments. they→which/that 答案 they→which/that things 为先行词 , 之后是定语从句 , 关系词在从 句中作主语 , 因此应用 which 或 that 作为引导词 ,they 改为 which/that 。 1. 关系代词 that 与 which 的用法辨析 只用 that 的情况 : (1) 先行词是 all, something, every