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Topographic Map
Symbols
What is a Topographic Map?
A map is a representation of the Earth, Reading Topographic Maps
or part of it. The distinctive character- Interpreting the colored lines, areas, and other symbols is the fi rst
istic of a topographic map is that the step in using topographic maps. Features are shown as points, lines,
shape of the Earth’s surface is shown or areas, depending on their size and extent. For example, individual
by contour lines. Contours are imag- houses may be shown as small black squares. For larger buildings,
inary lines that join points of equal the actual shapes are mapped. In densely built-up areas, most indi-
elevation on the surface of the land vidual buildings are omitted and an area tint is shown. On some
above or below a reference surface, maps, post offi ces, churches, city halls, and other landmark buildings
such as mean sea level. Contours are shown within the tinted area.
make it possible to measure the
The fi rst features usually noticed on a topographic map are the
height of mountains, depths of area features, such as vegetation (green), water (blue), and densely
the ocean bottom, and steep- built-up areas (gray or red).
ness of slopes.
Many features are shown by lines that may be straight, curved,
A topographic map shows
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