违法性认识错误的立论根据及其适用标准——以权利为视角的分析.pdf

违法性认识错误的立论根据及其适用标准以权利为视角的分析 摘 要 违法性认识错误的情形会对行为人的责任判断产生影响，违法性认识不要说与 权利保障的要求是相违背的。而在承认违法性认识必要说的前提下，其核心是违法 性认识错误的立论及其适用问题，权利要素是违法性认识错误的法理立论基础。而 违法性认识错误时的归责判断需要体现为一种权利保障的基本要求与权利论证的 基本逻辑。由于责任要素说中的违法性认识错误的不可避免性判断标准之确立符合 这样一种权利论证的基本要求，其也是行为人提出存在违法性认识错误后的必然判 断顺序。故以权利保障的要求为视角，违法性认识必要说是当然成立的。在权利保 障的要求下，对于存在违法性认识错误的论证完全可以跨越违法性认识体系地位的 争论。以权利为分析视角，以行为人存在提出违法性认识错误的权利主张为开端， 以解释者对于错误是否是不可避免的判断作为对此种权利主张的回应，并展开一定 的说理程序。而错误的成立与否及其是否是不可避免的适用判断则是该论证的核心 构成，并朝着有利于权利保障的方向作解释。对此，需要以权利为视角，进而类型 化地确立违法性认识错误的不可避免性的判断标准，进而在刑法规制与权利保障之 间达致一种必要的平衡状态。 关键词：违法性认识；权利；错误；不可避免性 1 违法性认识错误的立论根据及其适用标准以权利为视角的分析 Abstract The situation of illegal understanding of the law will have an impact on the judgment of the actor's responsibility. The illegal understanding does not contradict the requirement of the right protection. On the premise of acknowledging the necessity of illegalunderstanding,thecoreistheargument ofillegalunderstanding and itsapplication. Theright element isthe legal basis ofthe illegal understanding ofthe law.Thejudgment of imputation when the illegality is misunderstood needs to be reflected as the basic requirement oftheprotection ofrights and thebasic logic ofthe argumentation ofrights. Because the establishment of the inevitable judgment standard of the illegal understanding of theresponsibility element is in line with thebasic requirements of such apower argument, it is also the inevitablejudgment order of the actor after the existence of the illegal understanding error.Therefore, from the perspective of the requirements of the protection of rights, it is certainly necessary to establish the necessary understanding of illegality. Under the requirements of the protection of rights, the argument for the existence of illegal understanding of the law can completely cross the debate on the