药用植物学 (39)药用植物学.pdf

NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Annu Rev Immunol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 February 03. N Published in final edited form as: I H Annu Rev Immunol . 2010 ; 28: 321–342. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-030409-101311. - P A A The sterile inflammatory response u t h 1 2 1 1 o Kenneth L. Rock , Eicke Latz , Fernando Ontiveros , and Hajime Kono r M 1Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655 a n 2 u Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, s c MA 01655 r i p t Abstract The acute inflammatory response is a double-edged sword. On the one hand it plays a key role in initial host defense particularly against many infections. On the other hand its aim is imprecise and as a consequence, when it is drawn into battle, it can cause collateral damage in tissues. In situations where the inciting stimulus is sterile, the cost-benefit ratio may be high; because of this, N I sterile inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of a number of diseases. While there have been H - major advances in our understanding of how microbes trigger inflammation, much less has been P A learned about this process in sterile situations. This review focuses on a subset of the many sterile A u stimuli that can induce inflammation – specifically dead cells and a variety of irritant particles, t h including crystals, minerals, and protein aggregates. Although this subset of stimuli is str