孤独症儿童教育及培养.ppt

Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. 孤独症儿童的教育及培养 Evaluation only ith Aspose slides for NET 4o client P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 Client Profile 171 Copyright 2004 -2017 Aspose Pty Ltd  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. 孤独症概念的由来 1943年,美国儿童精神病医生利奥·凯纳明确提出“婴幼儿 孤独症”的概念,他报告了其从精神病的角度观察到的11名 儿童所具有的异常的特点:他们拒绝交往;不说话或以自己 的方式喃喃自语;对周圉环境有着相当或极端固定的要求。 他把这些症状称之为“情绪交往的孤独症障碍”及“婴儿孤 独症”。现今,关于孤独症研究有相当程度的进展,人们普 遍认识到孤独症是一种发生在儿童早期的广泛性发育障碍性 疾病,基本临床特征为三联征,即社会交往障碍、言语发育 障碍、兴趣范围狭窄以及刻板、同一的行为方式,主要在3岁 前起病。2-5岁时孤独症行为最为明显的阶段, Evaluaton onr. ith Aspose slides for NET 4o client P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 Client Profile 171 Copyright 2004 -2017 Aspose Pty Ltd  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. 初识孤独症 ③在长期的教育实践中,我们发现许多人对孤独症的行为表 现有误解,常常依据“不理人、不看人”的行为表现来认 定某个儿童是孤独症,即使是特殊教育教学人员,在筛查 时也有时遗漏或者“草木皆兵”。实际上,认定孤独症应 重点观察、客观分析以下三个方面的行为特征。 Evaluaton onr. ith Aspose slides for NET 4o client P Evaluation only. Created with Aspose Slides for NET 4.0 Client Profile 171 Copyright 2004 -2017 Aspose Pty Ltd  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 4.0 Client Profile 17.1. Copyright 2004-2017Aspose Pty Ltd. 社交互动 ③孤独症儿童普遍缺乏社会性互动,普遍表现出 戏,注薏力不能与游戏者向时集中在同一事情或物品。 样做 8有的患儿从婴儿时期起就表现出这一特征,他们虽然表现 人要抱起他 他不伸年表现熊待要抱起的 别人我他时表现躲避,对呼唤没有反应 他们的目