汉译英基础和翻翻译要点.pptVIP

四、汉译英基础与翻 译要点 第九章汉译英的多种表达形 式  ■汉译英是借助翻译技巧综合运用英语知识 的过程。我们必须掌握好英语语法,学会 并记熟一些英语句子的基本句型、惯用语 和的搭配,不断提高运用英语知识的实践 能力。这样,在翻译时才能用正确的英语 表达汉语的意思。在多数情况下,可以用 不同的语法手段,不同的词和语表达同 意思,形成汉英翻译中的多种表达形式 ( multi-expressions in translation)。如:  ■1.旧的经济模式依然以这样或那样 的形式发挥作用,不可能一下子消 除 The old economic model is still functioning in one way or another, and cannot be done away with at one stroke  从英语语法和惯用语的角度看,译文有三 点值得注意 依然.发挥作用”表示正在发 生的持续动作,用现在进行时表达; 2)“消除”用被动语态形式。原因之 是“主动者”即“谁来消除”不必说出 原因之二是,这句话含有两个分句,第二 个分句用被动语式可以给予连接上的便利, 即两个分句可共用一个主语;  3)译文中使用了惯用语 In one way or another(以这样或那样的形式),do away with(消除), at one stroke (一下子)。“一下子”还可以用下 述惯用语表达: a at one single blow /dip/dash/fling, go /heat/ sitting/ whack; at /in one(fell) swoop; all at once; in a flash/trice overnight; off hand等  2.我想出国求学。 译文1| intend(want,wish, desire, expect, feel inclined)to study abroad ■译文2| wish to pursue studies in a foreign country ■译文3 have the intension( the desire,a mind)to study in a foreign country 想”在译文中可用不同的英语动词或名 同表达。  ■3.他的行动快的惊人 ■译文1 He moved astonishingly fast 译文2 He moved with astonishing rapidity ■译文3 His movements were astonishingly rapid ■译文4 His rapid movements astonished us  ■译文5 His movements astonished us by his rapidity ■译文6 The rapidity of his movements was astonishing ■译文7 The rapidity with which he moved astonished us  译文8 He astonished us by moving rapidly ■译文9 He astonished us by his rapidly movements ■译文10 He astonished us by the rapidity of his movements  ■在上述译文中,与汉语的“行动” “惊人”、“快”相对应的词类分 别为动词、名词、副词,在英语中 分别作主语、谓语、状语及介词宾 语。译文中使用了“主语+不及物 动词”,“主语+连系动词+表 语”,“主语+及物动词+宾语” 等基本句型。