肯定与否定的翻译.pptVIP

肯定与否定的翻译 一、英语肯定、汉语否定 形式上，英语采用肯定句式，但实际在含蓄表达否定 意义，翻译成汉语时用否定。 （ 1 ）动词 英语中含有否定的动词有： fail, miss, lack, ignore, escape, refuse, withhold, neglect, deny, overlook, exclude, differ, forbid, defy, hate, etc.. 动词词组： keep… from…, refrain…from… Eg. To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account. 使我们失望的是他不顾大局。 ? He ran his eyes over the refreshments on the table but shook his head and refused to touch anything. ? 他看了看桌子上的点心，摇了摇头，一点也不想 吃。 ? Her hint escaped me. ? 她的暗示没有引起我的注意。 ? She went to the airport to meet her friend, but she missed her in the crowd. ? 她去机场接她的朋友，可是没能在人群中见到她。 ? He keeps from alcohol and tobaco. ? 他烟酒不沾。 (2) 名词 ? 表示否定的名词有： absence, avoidance, failure, denial, refusal, freedom, loss, lack, ignorance, defiance, embarrassment, etc.. ? Eg: His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. ? 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 ? Her child was in a terrible state of neglect. ? 她的孩子简直没人管。 ? He coughed with embarrassment . ? 他不自然地咳嗽。 ? A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems. ? 不注意文化差异和当地的习俗可能会出 问题。 （ 3 ）形容词 ? 表达否定意义的形容词及短语： few, little, thin, deaf, absent, awkward, had, blind, dead, last, poor, free from, far from, safe from, short of, ignorant of, safe and sound, etc.. ? Eg: The explanation is pretty thin . ? 这种解释理由很不充分。 ? He was deaf to all advice. ? 他不听一切劝告。 ? I am glad to see you safe and sound . ? 我很高兴看到你安然无恙。 ? He would be the last man to say such things. ? 他决不会说这种话。 （ 4 ）副词 ? 常见的否定副词有： little, seldom, hardly, barely, scarcely, otherwise, rarely ,etc.. ? Eg: The old lady said idly, “Well, what dose it matter?” ? 那老妇人漫不经心地说：“哼！这有什么关系？” ? Time is what we want most, but what many use worst. ? 时间是我们最缺少的，但偏偏许多人最不善于利用。 ? Traveling alone , she was sitting in the corner of the carriage. ? 她没有同伴，只一个人坐在车厢一角动也不 动。 ? Slips are scarcely avoidable when you are n