人教新目标九年级英语(习题)Unit 6 单元语法小专题.pdfVIP

单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus) 语法精讲 一般过去时的被动语态 补变成被动结构的主语补足语：如： 一般过去时的被动语态的结构为“was/were＋及 We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。 →He is 物动词的过去分词 (＋by)＋其他”。其否定形式是在 called Xiao Wang.他叫小王。 was/were 后加not；疑问形式是把was/were 放到句首。 注意：若主动语态中的宾补是省略 to 的不定式， 如： 变为被动语态时需把to 补上。如： A wonderful film was seen by us yesterday evening. The heard her sing a song at the party.→She was 昨天晚上我们看了一场精彩的电影。 heard to sing a song at the party.在晚会上他们听她唱了 Mary didnt go to Davids birthday party because she 一首歌。 wasnt invited. 玛丽没有参加大卫的生日聚会，因为她没 3．短语动词的被动语态 有受到邀请。 谓语动词为短语动词时，变为被动语态后，不能丢 Were flowers and grass planted by them along the 掉词末尾的介(副)词。如： road last year ？去年他们沿路种植了一些花草吗？ She looks after her grandmother.→Her grandmother is 特殊的被动语态 looked after(by her)．她照料她的奶奶。 1．含有双宾语的被动语态 4．特殊疑问句的被动语态 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可以将其中任何 和主动句一样，仍将疑问词置于句首。若主动句的 一个宾语变为被动结构的主语。一般是把主动结构中指 疑问词是who，变被动句时要改为by whom 置于句首， 人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这样句子显得自 也可仍用 who，而将 by 置于句末；若主动句的疑问词 然；若指物的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语 是whom，则改为who，其余疑问句不变。如： 前要加介词to，for 等。如： Who bought the book ？→Who was the book bought He lent me a b ike.→ I was lent a bike(by him) ．→A by ？或 By whom was the