中考英语复习简单句完美版.pptVIP

中考英语复习方囊 语法部分 第二篇词法 简单句 复习要点 1英语句子的种类与类型 2陈述句(五种简单句型) 3陈述句否定式的构成 4疑问句 1)一般疑问句2)特殊疑问句(常用的特殊疑问词和句型) 3)选择疑问句4)反义疑问句 5. There-be存在句 6主谓一致 知识概要 英语句子的种类与类型 句子种类(按交际用途分) 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 There-be存在句 I、句子类型(按句子结构分) 简单句、并列句、复合句 1、陈述句 难点链接 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法,有肯定式和否定式,语序是 主语在前,谓语在后。陈述句可以分为以下五种句型: ①主语+不及物动词。如: arrived at six last night ②主语+及物动词+宾语,如:| bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday ③主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,如:P| ease tell me a story before I go to bed.这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,te,gv ④主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,如: I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy ⑤主语+系动词+表语,如 Tom is an american boy. e gras turned green in spring 陈述句否定式的构成 难点链接 (1)如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动 词be,则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。 He is playing the guitar.(HAE) He is not playing the guitar (否定) We can get there before dark.(f) We cant get thee before dark.(否定) (2)如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词,而其中又没有情态动词 或助动词时,则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加dont, doesnt或didnt。同时把该实义动词变为原形 He plays the violin wel.(肯定) He doesn t play the vi We!(否定) She won the game.(肯定) She didnt win the game.(否定) (3)如果句子是 there be结构或谓语动词是have(有),且句中 如果有some要变为any。例如 陈述句否定式的构成难点链接 (4)除not以外,否定词no, never, nothing, nobody,few等也可构 成否定句。例如: There is something wrong with his bike.→ There nothing wrong with his bike I have seen the film l have never seen the film 注:否定句的类型 1)半否定句(用 hardly,itte,few等来否定) i hardly know anything about it. 2)部分否定句(用 all. both, every, each+谓语+not否定,表示“有的是,有 的不是”) dont like both the films 3)全否定句(用not,no, never, neither,no; nothing等来否定) I like neither Cathy nor Mar 4)否定转移(用在含有thnk, believe, expect, suppose, Imagine为主句的句子) I dont think it will be very cold today 难点链接 2、疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、 反义疑问句。 1)一般疑问句用来询问一件事,答案通常是yes或no,要注意语序 (1)一般疑问句的基本形式 般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have(有)开始,通 常要求以yes,或no来回答的疑问句,一般疑问句读时通常用升调 Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim? (2)一般疑问句的否定结构 ①在一般疑问句的否定结构中,把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但 如果用not的简略形式-nt,则须将-nt与一般疑问句句首的be,have,助动词或 情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中,一般都采用简略式。 Are you not a football fan? Arent you a football fan will she not like it? Won