定语从句讲解（关系副词 及其它）-.docVIP

关系副词引导的定语从句 常用的关系副词只有三个:when, where, why,在定语从句中充当时间、地点和原因状语。它们的用法大家不妨记住一个口诀: the time when the place where the reason why (一关系副词when的用法 关系副词when代替的先行词表示的是时间,when在定语从句作时间状语。例如: In Beijing July and August are the months when it rains very often. 北京的七月和八月是常下雨的月份。(when先行词是months Do you remember the day when we first went to the Summer Palace? 你还记得我们第一次去颐和园的那一天吗?(when先行词是day,当代英语里when可以用that替代,这时关系代词that就变成了表示时间的关系副词 I haven’t seen her since the year when I left Tokyo. 自从我离开东京的那一年我就一直没见到过她。 (when先行词是year,同样when可以用that 代替 真题:Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped. A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that 简析:考查关系代词when引导的定语从句。第一个空填连接代词what,第二个空前的先行词是20 years ago,故这个空应填表示时间的关系副词when。故A是正确答案。 (二关系副词where的用法 关系副词where代替的先行词表示的是地点,where在定语从句作地点状语。例如: During the Spring Festival I went back to the town where I was brought up. 春节期间,我回到了生我养我的家乡。(where的先行词是town This is the place where Li Bai once lived. 这是李白曾经生活过的地方。(where先行词是place 上面这个句子不可以将where改为that,因为that不能作为表示地点的关系副词。试比较下句: This is the place that Li Bai once visited. 这是李白曾经游览过的地方。(that的先行词同样是place,但这个that是关系代词,在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略,还可以用which替换 真题:If a shop has chairs ______ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where 简析:考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。定语从句的意思是说男人可以停留在椅子上休息,显然是表示地点,故D是正确答案。 (三关系副词why的用法 关系副词why代替的先行词表示的是原因,why在定语从句作原因状语。例如: The reason why I am phoning you is to ask you whether you have got my email. 我打电话给你的原因是想问问你是否收到了我的电子邮件。(why先行词是reason,当代英语里why可以用that替代,这时关系代词that就变成了表示原因的关系副词,还可以将why 省略 This is the reason why he came late to school. 这就是他为什么上学迟到的原因。(why先行词是reason,why可以用that替代,还可以省略 注意:如果上面的句子将the reason省略,那么这个句子就变成了(This is why he came late to school. 表语从句,句子意思丝毫未变。 特殊关系代词as引导的定语从句 as是个比较特殊的关系代词,一是用在某些句型搭配里,二是独立于主句之外。下面分别讲解。 (一在固定搭配as…as, so…as, such…as, the same…as中,as引导定语从句 You may take as many books as you want. 你想要拿多少书就拿多少。(第一个as是副词,修饰many的;第二个as才是关系代词,代替先行词books,在定