高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习-.docVIP

高中英语主谓一致 一主谓一致的种类 1.语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。如: The number of the students present ______ 200. Jane and Mary _________ (look, looks alike. 2.意义上一致 1主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。 单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。 The crowd __________ (were, was shouting. 2主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。如:The news was so surprising. 形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。 The news __________ (were, was so surprising. 3.就近原则 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。如: Either your students or Mr. Wang _________ (knows, know this. There ______ (is, are a book and two pens on the desk. (二主谓一致的应用 1.名词作主语 1His family ______ (is, are a happy one. The whole family ______ (is, are watching TV. 某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government, group,party,public,team等。 2The police ______ (is, are searching for the thief. 某些集体名词,如people, police, cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。 3A sheep ______ (is, are over there. Some sheep ______ (is, are over there. 单、复数同形的名词主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。 4Three years ________ (have, has passed since then. 当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。 5Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. 不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。 6More than one student ________ (have, has read the book. Many a girl ________ (have, has been there. 如果主语有more than one很多非常…或many a许多……构成,尽管从意义上看是复数内容,但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。 More members than one ______ (is, are against your plan. 但是,“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后,谓语动词一般多用复数形式。 7A pair of shoes __________ (were, was on the desk. 一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,例如:glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of , a series of等加名词”构成时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。 8This kind of men ______ (is, are dangerous. Men of this kind ______ (is, are dangerous. this kind of book =a book of this kind(这种书,其谓语动词用单数;短语this