现在完成时与过去完成时_ppt[文字可编辑].ppt

基本时态构成 时态语态 主动 被动 1 一般现在时 V/do/does Is/am/are done 2 现在进行时 Be doing Is/am/are being done 3 现在完成时 Have/has done Have/has been done 4 一般过去时 Ved Was/were done 5 过去完成时 Had done Had been done 6 过去进行时 Was/were doing Was/were being done 7 一般将来时 Will/shall do Will/shall be done The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时态 1. 现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或 结果 Our teacher has left . We have studied English. I have already finished the homework. He has had his lunch. He has become a doctor. have/has+ 过去分词 2 . 某个动作从过去已经开始 , 一直持续到现在 , 还有可能持续到 将来 . 动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示 . 一段时间的表达方法有两种 : for: + 一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years Since 过去的某一时刻 , since nine since last week 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home. 注意 :for 和 since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间 . He has been away since last week. He has been away for one week . 对划线部分提问都用 How long 现在完成时： 助动词 have / has + 过去分词 过去完成时： 助动词 had + 过去分词 构成？ 我认识他三年了。 ? I have known him for three years. ? I had known him when I was a student. 我当学生时，就已经认识 他了。 had known have known was ? 我已经做完作业了。 表示在说话时已经做完。 I have finished my home- work. ? 在六点以前，我就已经完 成作业了。 By six o'clock, I had finished my homework. 表示在过去的某一段时间 （ six o'clock 以前） 已经做 完作业，与现在无关。 ? 他们已经吃过早饭了。 ? 在他们到旅馆之前他们已 经吃过早饭了。 They have already had breakfast. They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. ? 我从未看过如此令人兴奋 的比赛 ? 他说他从未看过如此令人 兴奋的比赛。 I have never seen such an exciting match before ! He said that he had never seen such an exciting match before ! 过去完成时与现在完成时二者 用法基本相同，但 现在完成时 以现在时间为基点 ，过去完成 时则 以过去的时间为基点 ，与 现在无关，即过去的过去。过 去完成时常用于宾语从句中 ; Summary 结构： 助动词 had + p.p.( 过去分词 ) 用法：表示过去某一时间和动作之前已经发生或完成 了的动作或一直持续的动作 ( 过去的过去 ) 。 By the end of last term, we had learned 600 English words. He said he had finished his homework. The film had already begun when we got to the cinema. I had studied English before I came here. When I came to GZ , he had been there for a long time. 过去完成时态的标志： 1. 和 by + 过去时间点连用 , 如： by the time, by then, by last year