资料同步制造与约束理论.ppt

yggt yggt 22 yggt 23 yggt Chapter 18Synchronous Manufacturing Theory of Constraints 同步制造与约束理论 ...... The Hockey Stick Phenomenon 曲棍球球棒现象 ...... The Hockey Stick Phenomenon曲棍球球棒现象 The end-of-period rush! Period 1 2 3 4 Output ($) 考前突击 ！！！！ ...... Synchronous Manufacturing同步制造 Which refer to the entire production process working together in harmony to achieve the goals of the firm. 为了实现公司的目标，使整个生产系统协调一致地工作 ...... 首要特征 synchronous manufacturing logic attempts to coordinate all resources so that they work together and are in harmony or are synchronized. In such a synchronous state, emphasis is on total system performance, not on localized performance measures such as labor or machine utilization. 追求企业的全部资源协调、同步运转 追求企业的整体效率，而不是单个生产要素的利用率（如：劳动、设备生产率）。 ...... The goal of the firm 公司的目标 ...... 4 Goldratt Proclaims哥德瓦特 The goal of a firm is to make money. ...... Performance Measurements 绩效评价 ...... Performance MeasurementFinancial 财务评价 Net profit an absolute measurement in dollars Return on investment a relative measure based on investment Cash flow a survival measurement 净利润 绝对的赚钱数量 投资收益率 现金流量 ...... 6 Performance MeasurementOperational 运作评价 1. Throughput the rate at which money is generated by the system through sales 2. Inventory all the money that the system has invested in purchasing things it intends to sell 3. Operating expenses all the money that the system spends to turn inventory into throughput 吞吐量（产销率） 库存 运作费用 ...... Productivity生产率 Does not guarantee profitability Has throughput increased? Has inventory decreased? Have operational expenses decreased? 不能保证赢利 ...... Unbalanced Capacity 不平衡的生产能力 ...... 8 Unbalanced Capacity不平衡的生产能力 Earlier, we discussed balancing assembly lines. The goal was constant cycle time across all stations Synchronous manufacturing views constant workstation capacity as a bad decision. 早期观点：装配线的生产能力的平衡 同步制造：生产能力的平衡是一种坏观点 ...... 9 The Statistics of Dependent Events独立事件的统计规律 Rather than balancing c