2020 第1板块 专题2 阅读七选五.docVIP

PAGE 31 表一　2017年－2019年体裁、主题、设空位置一览表 表二　2017年－2019年试题命题角度一览表 [命题规律] 1．短文的体裁多为事理说明文，词数300左右，主要考查学生对文章的整体内容、结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。 2．根据设空位置题目可分为三种类型：(1)段首题：主要为主旨句或承上启下句；(2)段中题：多考查上下文的逻辑关系，以转折、并列、递进、解释例证为主；(3)段尾题：多为概括归纳句或承上启下句。 [命题趋势] 预计2020年高考阅读七选五仍将以说明文为主，选材与学生的日常学习、生活密切相关。 仍然会以主旨概括句、衔接过渡句和细节支撑句三种类型设题，而细节支撑句则为考查的重点。 [阅读七选五解题四步骤] 第一步：通读全文，掌握大意 阅读七选五多为说明文，寻找主题句是掌握全文主旨大意最有效的方法。说明文的主题句一般是首段的第一句或第二句话，有些会出现在文章的末尾，阅读时要特别关注这些句子。 第二步：阅读选项，标记线索 通读完文章，依次快速浏览各个选项，弄清句子的类别和意义，并找出每个选项中的线索词或关键词，据此初步确定哪个选项应放在文章的哪个位置上。 第三步：详读段落，定位选项 了解文章大意和选项内容之后，再细读文章，分析上下文语段之间的逻辑关系和语义关系，根据所标记的线索词和关键词，进一步确定选项。 第四步：研读选项，排除干扰 尽管答案已选出，但为了避免失误，还要对多余的两个选项进行进一步的研读，确认它们和文章的意义没有关联，最终将其排除。 A篇 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 1 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. 2 If the air youre breathing is clean—which it would be if youre away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈)． 3 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 4 5 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D. A．Fresh air