二语习得答案.doc

1. Think of three or four ‘telegraphic’ sentences that a young child might produce. These may be in English or another language you know well. How are these ‘little sentences’ similar to those in the adult language? How are they different? “telegraphic” sentences： （1）I can see a cow repeated as See cow （2）I having this. Im having nana. （3）Baby fall down Similarities: They both contain the necessary key words, especially nouns, verbs and adjectives Differences: “Telegraphic” sentences lack function words like prepositions and conjunctions. They are shorter, and grammatical elements are often omitted or inserted incorrectly, and they are single clauses. Researchers have used both longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches to investigate the order of acquisition of grammatical morphemes in English by young children. Describe these approaches in your own words. What are the challenges and the potential benefits of each? Cross-sectional approaches: A research method studies subjects at different ages and stages of development. Longitudinal studies: It is a type of observational study. By longitudinal studies, we mean that we can study learner’s language with a period of time, one month, one year, or more. This contrasts with Cross-sectional studies. The challenges of longitudinal study approaches: They are time-consuming and money-consuming. Also, they are not convenient. Potential benefits of longitudinal study approaches: Longitudinal studies track the same people, and therefore the differences observed in those people are less likely to be the result of cultural differences across generations. The challenges of Cross-sectional approaches: Routine data are not designed to answer the specific question. Potential benefits of Cross-sectional approaches: . The use of routinely collected data allows large cross-sectional studies to be made at little or no expense. What is the ‘wug test’? What do the findings from the wug test tell us about Children’s dev