《新编语言学教程课件1》.pptVIP

2) Duality—the property of language with two levels of structure, one of sounds (lower level) and the other of meaning (higher level). At the lower level there is a structure of sounds, which are meaningless (e.g. /p/, /?/, /t/) and which can be grouped and regrouped into a large number of units of meaning such as morphemes and words (e.g. /p?t/). At the higher level, the units of meaning can be grouped and regrouped into an infinite number of sentences. Phoneme—morpheme—word—phrase—clause—sentence 3) Productivity/creativity—Language users can utilize limited linguistic rules to produce or